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The Liverpool Overhead Railway (known loca … The Liverpool Overhead Railway (known locally as the Dockers' Umbrella or Ovee) was an overhead railway in Liverpool which operated along the Liverpool Docks and opened in 1893 with lightweight electric multiple units. The railway had a number of world firsts: it was the first electric elevated railway, the first to use automatic signalling, electric colour light signals and electric multiple units, and was home to one of the first passenger escalators at a railway station. It was the second oldest electric metro in the world, being preceded by the 1890 City and South London Railway. Originally spanning five miles (8 km) from Alexandra Dock to Herculaneum Dock, the railway was extended at both ends over the years of operation, as far south as Dingle and north to Seaforth & Litherland. A number of stations opened and closed during the railway's operation owing to relative popularity and damage, including air bombing during World War II. At its peak almost 20 million people used the railway every year. Being a local railway, it was not nationalised in 1948. In 1955, a report into the structure of the many viaducts showed major repairs were needed that the company could not afford. The railway closed at the end of 1956 and despite public protests the structures were dismantled in the following year. Since 1977, Liverpool's rapid transit/commuter rail needs have been served by the partly underground Merseyrail network, which was formed from local suburban lines and new tunnel formed into a network, using no former infrastructure of the Liverpool Overhead Railway.ructure of the Liverpool Overhead Railway.
, Die Liverpool Overhead Railway (LOR, deuts … Die Liverpool Overhead Railway (LOR, deutsch etwa Überkopf-Eisenbahn Liverpool) war eine elektrische Hochbahn in Liverpool. Ihr Konstrukteur war der britische Hafenbau-Ingenieur George Fosbery Lyster. Sie wurde im Jahre 1893 eröffnet und war somit nach der London Underground, aber noch vor der Glasgow Subway die zweite Metro im Vereinigten Königreich und die älteste elektrisch betriebene Hochbahn weltweit. Die Hochbahn wurde 1956 stillgelegt und ihre Strecken abgebaut. Damit gilt sie als das einzige jemals komplett stillgelegte Metrosystem der Welt.omplett stillgelegte Metrosystem der Welt.
, Liverpool Overhead Railway (z ang. „Liverp … Liverpool Overhead Railway (z ang. „Liverpoolska Kolej Nadziemna”) – linia elektrycznej kolei nadziemnej w Liverpoolu, w Anglii, funkcjonująca w latach 1893–1956. Linia przebiegała wzdłuż liverpoolskiej dzielnicy portowej, na trasie liczącej nieco ponad 10 km. Tory umieszczone były około 5 m nad poziomem ulicy, co pozwoliło na ominięcie zatłoczonych już ulic prowadzących do doków portowych. Linia wykorzystywana była wyłącznie do przewozów pasażerskich. Z czasem zyskała przydomek Dockers′ Umbrella („parasol portowców”). Pierwotnie prowadziła od na północy do na południu, z jedenastoma stacjami pośrednimi. Linia cieszyła się niewielkim powodzeniem poza godzinami szczytu, toteż zadecydowano o jej przedłużeniu do pobliskich osiedli mieszkaniowych w celu przyciągnięcia większej liczby pasażerów – do Seaforth na północy (1894) i na południu (1896). Ta ostatnia stacja jako jedyna znajdowała się pod ziemią. W 1905 roku linia poddana została przedłużeniu do stacji oraz , gdzie zbiegała się z liniami kolejowymi , które pozwalała pasażerom na dalszą podróż w kierunku Southport i Ormskirk. Liczba pasażerów korzystających z linii sięgała kilku milionów rocznie. Mimo to brak środków finansowych na renowację starzejących się wiaduktów doprowadził do jej zamknięcia w 1956 roku. Rozbiórka infrastruktury rozpoczęła się rok później. Liverpool Overhead Railway była pierwszą na świecie linią kolei nadziemnej o trakcji elektrycznej, a jednocześnie pierwszą w Wielkiej Brytanii linią kolejową wykorzystującą automatyczny system sygnalizacji kolejowej. W 1921 roku również po raz pierwszy w kraju na linii zainstalowano semafory świetlne. na linii zainstalowano semafory świetlne.
, Le Liverpool Overhead Railway (« chemin de fer aérien de Liverpool ») est une ancienne ligne de chemin de fer électrique surélevée qui a assuré la desserte du port de Liverpool de 1893 à 1956.
, Надземная железная дорога Ливерпуля (англ. Liverpool Overhead Railway) — система линий электрифицированной надземной железной дороги в городе Ливерпуль (Великобритания), открытая в 1893 году и прекратившая существование в 1956 году.
, Liverpool Overhead Railway (укр. Метрополітен Ліверпуля) — система надземна залізниця (метрополітен) в місті Ліверпуль (Велика Британія), відкрита 1893 року, закрита 1956 року.
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Die Liverpool Overhead Railway (LOR, deuts … Die Liverpool Overhead Railway (LOR, deutsch etwa Überkopf-Eisenbahn Liverpool) war eine elektrische Hochbahn in Liverpool. Ihr Konstrukteur war der britische Hafenbau-Ingenieur George Fosbery Lyster. Sie wurde im Jahre 1893 eröffnet und war somit nach der London Underground, aber noch vor der Glasgow Subway die zweite Metro im Vereinigten Königreich und die älteste elektrisch betriebene Hochbahn weltweit. Die Hochbahn wurde 1956 stillgelegt und ihre Strecken abgebaut. Damit gilt sie als das einzige jemals komplett stillgelegte Metrosystem der Welt.omplett stillgelegte Metrosystem der Welt.
, Le Liverpool Overhead Railway (« chemin de fer aérien de Liverpool ») est une ancienne ligne de chemin de fer électrique surélevée qui a assuré la desserte du port de Liverpool de 1893 à 1956.
, The Liverpool Overhead Railway (known loca … The Liverpool Overhead Railway (known locally as the Dockers' Umbrella or Ovee) was an overhead railway in Liverpool which operated along the Liverpool Docks and opened in 1893 with lightweight electric multiple units. The railway had a number of world firsts: it was the first electric elevated railway, the first to use automatic signalling, electric colour light signals and electric multiple units, and was home to one of the first passenger escalators at a railway station. It was the second oldest electric metro in the world, being preceded by the 1890 City and South London Railway.by the 1890 City and South London Railway.
, Liverpool Overhead Railway (укр. Метрополітен Ліверпуля) — система надземна залізниця (метрополітен) в місті Ліверпуль (Велика Британія), відкрита 1893 року, закрита 1956 року.
, Liverpool Overhead Railway (z ang. „Liverp … Liverpool Overhead Railway (z ang. „Liverpoolska Kolej Nadziemna”) – linia elektrycznej kolei nadziemnej w Liverpoolu, w Anglii, funkcjonująca w latach 1893–1956. Linia przebiegała wzdłuż liverpoolskiej dzielnicy portowej, na trasie liczącej nieco ponad 10 km. Tory umieszczone były około 5 m nad poziomem ulicy, co pozwoliło na ominięcie zatłoczonych już ulic prowadzących do doków portowych. Linia wykorzystywana była wyłącznie do przewozów pasażerskich. Z czasem zyskała przydomek Dockers′ Umbrella („parasol portowców”).k Dockers′ Umbrella („parasol portowców”).
, Надземная железная дорога Ливерпуля (англ. Liverpool Overhead Railway) — система линий электрифицированной надземной железной дороги в городе Ливерпуль (Великобритания), открытая в 1893 году и прекратившая существование в 1956 году.
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Liverpool Overhead Railway
, Надземная железная дорога Ливерпуля
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