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برنارد لويس (بالإنجليزية: Bernard Lewis) … برنارد لويس (بالإنجليزية: Bernard Lewis) (ولد في 31 مايو 1916 - وتوفي في 19 مايو 2018) من مواليد لندن ببريطانيا. هو أستاذ فخري بريطاني-أمريكي لدراسات الشرق الأوسط في جامعة برنستون. وتخصص في تاريخ الإسلام والتفاعل بين الإسلام والغرب وتشتهر خصوصا أعماله حول تاريخ الدولة العثمانية. لويس هو أحد أهم علماء الشرق الأوسط الغربيين التي طالما ما سعى صناع السياسة من المحافظين الجدد مثل إدارة الرئيس الأمريكي جورج دبليو بوش إلى الحصول على استشارتهم.ي جورج دبليو بوش إلى الحصول على استشارتهم.
, Bernard Lewis, FBA (31. května 1916, Londý … Bernard Lewis, FBA (31. května 1916, Londýn, Anglie – 19. května 2018) byl britsko-americký historik, orientalista a politický komentátor. Byl emeritním profesorem zaměřujícím se na blízkovýchodní studia na Princetonské univerzitě. Byl odborníkem na dějiny islámu, vztahy mezi islámem a Západem a dějiny Osmanské říše. Vystudoval fakultu orientálních a afrických studií na Londýnské univerzitě. Při druhé světové válce sloužil v britské armádě a po ní se vrátil na Londýnskou univerzitu, kde začal vyučovat dějiny Blízkého východu. Dnes je považován za jednoho z největších západních expertů na Blízký východ. Byl mimo jiné známý veřejnými debatami s Edwardem Saidem.námý veřejnými debatami s Edwardem Saidem.
, Bernard Lewis (Stoke Newington, Londres, Inglaterra; 31 de mayo de 1916-municipio de Voorhees, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos; 19 de mayo de 2018) fue un historiador y orientalista británico, con doble nacionalidad israelí y estadounidense.
, Берна́рд Лью́ис (англ. Bernard Lewis; 31 м … Берна́рд Лью́ис (англ. Bernard Lewis; 31 мая 1916 года, Лондон — 19 мая 2018 года, , Нью-Джерси) — британский и американский историк-востоковед, исламовед. Специализировался на истории ислама, взаимоотношениях между исламом и Западом, также известен как автор работ по истории Османской империи. Эмерит-профессор Принстонского университета. Почётный член Британской академии. Был экспертом по Ближнему Востоку. Неоднократно консультировал известных политиков, в том числе администрацию Джорджа Буша. , автор «Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing», считает, что за свою 60-летнюю карьеру Льюис стал «самым влиятельным послевоенным историком ислама и Ближнего Востока». Также известен своей спорной точкой зрения на геноцид армян.ей спорной точкой зрения на геноцид армян.
, Bernard Lewis (* 31. Mai 1916 im früheren … Bernard Lewis (* 31. Mai 1916 im früheren Borough of Stoke Newington in London; † 19. Mai 2018 in Voorhees Township, New Jersey) war ein britisch-amerikanischer Historiker mit dem Schwerpunkt Orientalistik und Islamgeschichte. Er war ebenfalls als Politikberater tätig, zuletzt für den ehemaligen amerikanischen Präsidenten George W. Bush.amerikanischen Präsidenten George W. Bush.
, Bernard Lewis, FBA (31 May 1916 – 19 May 2 … Bernard Lewis, FBA (31 May 1916 – 19 May 2018) was a British American historian specialized in Oriental studies. He was also known as a public intellectual and political commentator. Lewis was the Cleveland E. Dodge Professor Emeritus of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University. Lewis's expertise was in the history of Islam and the interaction between Islam and the West. Lewis served as a soldier in the British Army in the Royal Armoured Corps and Intelligence Corps during the Second World War before being seconded to the Foreign Office. After the war, he returned to the School of Oriental and African Studies at the University of London and was appointed to the new chair in Near and Middle Eastern history. In 2007 Lewis was called "the West's leading interpreter of the Middle East". Others have argued Lewis's approach is essentialist and generalizing to the Muslim world, as well as his tendency to restate hypotheses that were challenged by more recent research. On a political level, Lewis is accused by his detractors with having revived the image of the cultural inferiority of Islam and of emphasizing the dangers of jihad. His advice was frequently sought by neoconservative policymakers, including the Bush administration. However, his active support of the Iraq War and neoconservative ideals have since come under scrutiny. Lewis was also notable for his public debates with Edward Said, who accused Lewis and other orientalists of misrepresenting Islam and serving the purposes of Western imperialist domination, to which Lewis responded by defending Orientalism as a facet of humanism and accusing Said of politicizing the subject. Furthermore, Lewis denied the Armenian genocide. He argued that the deaths of the mass killings resulted from a struggle between two nationalistic movements, claiming that there is no proof of intent by the Ottoman government to exterminate the Armenian nation.rnment to exterminate the Armenian nation.
, 伯納德·劉易斯（英語：Bernard Lewis，1916年5月31日－2018年5月19日），英裔美國猶太歷史學者、東方研究家及政治評論家，專門研究伊斯蘭教史及伊斯蘭教跟西方的互動，尤以關於鄂圖曼土耳其帝國歷史的著作於學術圈聞名。
, Bernard Lewis (31 Mei 1916 – 19 Mei 2018) … Bernard Lewis (31 Mei 1916 – 19 Mei 2018) adalah sejarawan Yahudi Inggris-Amerika yang menjabat sebagai Profesor Kehormatan bidang Timur Tengah di Universitas Princeton. Ia mendalami sejarah Islam serta interaksi kebudayaan Barat dan Islam. Ia dikenal karena karyanya tentang sejarah Kesultanan Utsmaniyah dan debat intelektualnya dengan Profesor Edward Said tentang konflik Israel-Palestina. Ia merupakan ahli di bidang Timur Tengah, dan merupakan penasihat George W. Bush dalam Perang Irak. Dalam Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, , yang tesis Ph.D-dibimbing oleh Lewis, menganggap Lewis merupakan "sejarawan Islam dan Timur Tengah paling berpengaruh pasca perang." Pada tahun 2007, Lewis juga disebut sebagai "penerjemah Barat di Timur Tengah paling terkemuka." Sarannya sering dipakai oleh para pembuat kebijakan neokonservatif, termasuk pemerintahan Bush. Lewis, oleh karena itu, umumnya dianggap sebagai dekan bagi cendekiawan-cendekiawan studi Timur Tengah. Namun, dukungannya terhadap Perang Irak dan cita-cita neokonservatif sejak itu berada di bawah pengawasan. Lewis juga terkenal karena debat publiknya bersama dengan Edward Said, yang menuduh Lewis dan orientalis lainnya salah mengartikan Islam dan menyukseskan tujuan dominasi imperialis, yang ditanggapi Lewis dengan membela Orientalisme sebagai aspek humanisme dan menuduh Said mempolitisasi subjek. Lewis berpendapat bahwa kematian-kematian di dalam Genosida Armenia dihasilkan dari perjuangan antara dua gerakan nasionalis (Armenia dan Turki) dan bahwa tidak ada bukti niat dari pemerintah Utsmaniyah untuk memusnahkan bangsa Armenia. Pandangan ini mendorong sejumlah sarjana untuk menuduh Lewis melakukan dan menghasilkan gugatan perdata yang berhasil terhadapnya di pengadilan Prancis. Bernard Lewis meninggal dunia pada tanggal 19 Mei 2018, dalam usia 101 tahun, di fasilitas perawatan hidup berbantu di Voorhees Township, New Jersey, dua belas hari sebelum ulang tahunnya yang ke-102.s hari sebelum ulang tahunnya yang ke-102.
, Bernard Lewis (Stoke Newington, 31 maggio 1916 – Voorhees, 19 maggio 2018) è stato uno storico e orientalista britannico.
, バーナード・ルイス（Bernard Lewis, 1916年5月31日 - 2018年5月19日）は、イギリスのユダヤ系歴史学者。プリンストン大学名誉教授。専門はイスラム・中東史。
, Bernard Lewis, född 31 maj 1916 i i London, död 19 maj 2018 i i Camden County i New Jersey, var en engelskfödd amerikansk historiker med islam och Mellanöstern som specialområde.
, Bernard Lewis fou un historiador i orientalista britànic, amb doble nacionalitat israeliana i estatunidenca.
, 버나드 루이스(영어: Bernard Lewis, 1916년 5월 31일 ~ … 버나드 루이스(영어: Bernard Lewis, 1916년 5월 31일 ~ 2018년 5월 19일)는 영국 태생의 미국의 역사학자이며 중동 정치에 정통한 연구자이다. 그는 프린스턴 대학교에서 신동양학을 가르친 교수이며 이슬람교와 중동에 관해 정통한 것으로 유명하다. 특히 이슬람 사회와 서양 사회에 대해 연구하며 오스만 제국에 대한 역사서 저술로 널리 알려져 있다. 그는 중동 전문가로서 서방에서 이름을 떨쳤으며 많지 않은 전문가로 통한다. 조지 부시 대통령 등 여러 미 정치가들이 중동 정책에 대해 그의 자문을 얻곤 한다. 런던 인근의 교외에서 유대인 부모 슬하에 태어났으며 어렸을 때부터 많은 언어와 문화에 익숙했다. 그는 어렸을 때부터 히브리어에 관심이 많았다고 하는데 후에 아르메니아어, 아랍어, 라틴어, 그리스어, 페르시아어, 튀르키예어 등을 공부하게 됐다고 한다. 그는 역사에 대해 흥미가 많아서 유대인 역사서를 선물로 받는 것을 좋아했다고도 한다. 1936년 런던 대학교에서 근동 역사학에 대해 공부하고 학사 학위를 땄다. 그는 법학도 공부했으며 파리대학교에서 동양학을 공부하기도 했다. 2차 세계 대전 동안 그는 영국군에서 복무했으며 전쟁 후 돌아가 매우 귀한 특수 전문가로서 지명돼 33세에 근동 지역 관련 정책 소장으로 임명됐다. 1974년 그는 프린스턴 대학교에서 겸임교수직을 수락해 활동하게 됐으며 연구에 몰입했다. 그는 이 때부터 이력상 눈부시는 업적을 남겼으며 여러 저서를 펴내 주목받게 됐다. 1982년에 미국 시민권을 취득했으며, 1947년 덴마크 출신인 루트 헬레네 오펜하임(1920~2009)과 결혼해 1남 1녀를 두었으나 1974년 이혼했다.하임(1920~2009)과 결혼해 1남 1녀를 두었으나 1974년 이혼했다.
, Bernard Lewis (Londres, 31 de maio de 1916 … Bernard Lewis (Londres, 31 de maio de 1916 – 19 de maio de 2018) foi um académico britânico especialista em história do Islão e na interação entre o Islão e o Ocidente. De origem judaica, Lewis é professor emérito da cátedra Cleveland E. Dodge de Estudos do Próximo Oriente da Universidade de Princeton. Lewis licenciou-se pela Faculdade de Estudos Orientais e Africanos da Universidade de Londres (SOAS), fez pós-graduação na Universidade de Paris, regressou em 1938 para a Universidade de Londres como professor assistente de História Islâmica, novamente na Faculdade de Estudos Orientais e Africanos. Lewis ensinou ali até 1974, quando aceitou uma posição na Universidade de Princeton. Em 1986 aposentou-se formalmente, apesar de ainda manter ali uma posição como professor emérito, como mencionado acima. No seguimento dos ataques terroristas de 11 de Setembro de 2001, o interesse pela obra de Lewis explodiu, em especial o seu ensaio de 1990 "As raízes da raiva muçulmana". Lewis é também conhecido pela sua discordância com muitas das teses de Edward Said, da Universidade de Columbia. Bernard Lewis escreveu mais de vinte livros e numerosos artigos. Entre os seus mais recentes livros encontram-se dois escritos no seguimento dos ataques terroristas do 11 de Setembro:
* A crise do Islão
* O que correu mal? Bernard Lewis morreu em 19 de maio de 2018, aos 101 anos.orreu em 19 de maio de 2018, aos 101 anos.
, Bernard Lewis (Stoke Newington, Londen, 31 mei 1916 – Voorhees Township, New Jersey, 19 mei 2018) was een Brits-Amerikaanse historicus, oriëntalist en politiek commentator. Hij liet zich in 1982 naturaliseren tot Amerikaans staatsburger.
, Bernard Lewis (ur. 31 maja 1916 w Londynie … Bernard Lewis (ur. 31 maja 1916 w Londynie, zm. 19 maja 2018 w ) – brytyjski i amerykański historyk, badacz dziejów świata muzułmańskiego. Był profesorem, a następnie emerytowanym profesorem Uniwersytetu Princeton. Był doradcą republikańskich prezydentów Stanów Zjednoczonych od spraw świata muzułmańskiego.dnoczonych od spraw świata muzułmańskiego.
, Bernard Lewis, né le 31 mai 1916 à Stoke N … Bernard Lewis, né le 31 mai 1916 à Stoke Newington, un quartier de Londres, et mort le 19 mai 2018 à Voorhees Township, au New Jersey, est un universitaire et historien de citoyenneté britannique à sa naissance ; il a également acquis les nationalités américaine et israélienne. Professeur émérite des études sur le Moyen-Orient à l'université de Princeton, spécialiste du Moyen-Orient, notamment de la Turquie, et plus généralement du monde musulman et des interactions entre l'Occident et l'Islam. Il est l'auteur de nombreux ouvrages de référence sur le sujet. Outre ses activités académiques, Bernard Lewis est un intellectuel engagé dans le combat politique. Il est connu pour sa défense d'Israël. Il est au centre d'une large polémique en France où des intellectuels lui reprochent de nier le génocide arménien et des associations déposent des plaintes contre lui. Il est condamné au civil, en vertu de l'article 1382 du code civil pour « faute » et pour avoir causé un dommage à autrui, condamnation commentée à l'étranger comme étant une atteinte à la liberté d'expression. Il fut conseiller des services secrets britanniques lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale[réf. nécessaire], consultant du Conseil de sécurité nationale des États-Unis, conseiller de Benyamin Netanyahou alors ambassadeur d'Israël à l'ONU (1984-88)[réf. nécessaire] et reste un proche des néo-conservateurs. et reste un proche des néo-conservateurs.
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Bernard Lewis (Stoke Newington, Londen, 31 mei 1916 – Voorhees Township, New Jersey, 19 mei 2018) was een Brits-Amerikaanse historicus, oriëntalist en politiek commentator. Hij liet zich in 1982 naturaliseren tot Amerikaans staatsburger.
, Bernard Lewis, FBA (31 May 1916 – 19 May 2 … Bernard Lewis, FBA (31 May 1916 – 19 May 2018) was a British American historian specialized in Oriental studies. He was also known as a public intellectual and political commentator. Lewis was the Cleveland E. Dodge Professor Emeritus of Near Eastern Studies at Princeton University. Lewis's expertise was in the history of Islam and the interaction between Islam and the West.he interaction between Islam and the West.
, Bernard Lewis (31 Mei 1916 – 19 Mei 2018) … Bernard Lewis (31 Mei 1916 – 19 Mei 2018) adalah sejarawan Yahudi Inggris-Amerika yang menjabat sebagai Profesor Kehormatan bidang Timur Tengah di Universitas Princeton. Ia mendalami sejarah Islam serta interaksi kebudayaan Barat dan Islam. Ia dikenal karena karyanya tentang sejarah Kesultanan Utsmaniyah dan debat intelektualnya dengan Profesor Edward Said tentang konflik Israel-Palestina. Bernard Lewis meninggal dunia pada tanggal 19 Mei 2018, dalam usia 101 tahun, di fasilitas perawatan hidup berbantu di Voorhees Township, New Jersey, dua belas hari sebelum ulang tahunnya yang ke-102.s hari sebelum ulang tahunnya yang ke-102.
, Bernard Lewis, né le 31 mai 1916 à Stoke N … Bernard Lewis, né le 31 mai 1916 à Stoke Newington, un quartier de Londres, et mort le 19 mai 2018 à Voorhees Township, au New Jersey, est un universitaire et historien de citoyenneté britannique à sa naissance ; il a également acquis les nationalités américaine et israélienne. Professeur émérite des études sur le Moyen-Orient à l'université de Princeton, spécialiste du Moyen-Orient, notamment de la Turquie, et plus généralement du monde musulman et des interactions entre l'Occident et l'Islam. Il est l'auteur de nombreux ouvrages de référence sur le sujet.mbreux ouvrages de référence sur le sujet.
, Bernard Lewis fou un historiador i orientalista britànic, amb doble nacionalitat israeliana i estatunidenca.
, Bernard Lewis, FBA (31. května 1916, Londý … Bernard Lewis, FBA (31. května 1916, Londýn, Anglie – 19. května 2018) byl britsko-americký historik, orientalista a politický komentátor. Byl emeritním profesorem zaměřujícím se na blízkovýchodní studia na Princetonské univerzitě. Byl odborníkem na dějiny islámu, vztahy mezi islámem a Západem a dějiny Osmanské říše. Vystudoval fakultu orientálních a afrických studií na Londýnské univerzitě. Při druhé světové válce sloužil v britské armádě a po ní se vrátil na Londýnskou univerzitu, kde začal vyučovat dějiny Blízkého východu. Dnes je považován za jednoho z největších západních expertů na Blízký východ. Byl mimo jiné známý veřejnými debatami s Edwardem Saidem.námý veřejnými debatami s Edwardem Saidem.
, 伯納德·劉易斯（英語：Bernard Lewis，1916年5月31日－2018年5月19日），英裔美國猶太歷史學者、東方研究家及政治評論家，專門研究伊斯蘭教史及伊斯蘭教跟西方的互動，尤以關於鄂圖曼土耳其帝國歷史的著作於學術圈聞名。
, Bernard Lewis (Stoke Newington, Londres, Inglaterra; 31 de mayo de 1916-municipio de Voorhees, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos; 19 de mayo de 2018) fue un historiador y orientalista británico, con doble nacionalidad israelí y estadounidense.
, Bernard Lewis (Londres, 31 de maio de 1916 … Bernard Lewis (Londres, 31 de maio de 1916 – 19 de maio de 2018) foi um académico britânico especialista em história do Islão e na interação entre o Islão e o Ocidente. De origem judaica, Lewis é professor emérito da cátedra Cleveland E. Dodge de Estudos do Próximo Oriente da Universidade de Princeton. No seguimento dos ataques terroristas de 11 de Setembro de 2001, o interesse pela obra de Lewis explodiu, em especial o seu ensaio de 1990 "As raízes da raiva muçulmana". Lewis é também conhecido pela sua discordância com muitas das teses de Edward Said, da Universidade de Columbia. Edward Said, da Universidade de Columbia.
, Bernard Lewis (* 31. Mai 1916 im früheren … Bernard Lewis (* 31. Mai 1916 im früheren Borough of Stoke Newington in London; † 19. Mai 2018 in Voorhees Township, New Jersey) war ein britisch-amerikanischer Historiker mit dem Schwerpunkt Orientalistik und Islamgeschichte. Er war ebenfalls als Politikberater tätig, zuletzt für den ehemaligen amerikanischen Präsidenten George W. Bush.amerikanischen Präsidenten George W. Bush.
, 버나드 루이스(영어: Bernard Lewis, 1916년 5월 31일 ~ … 버나드 루이스(영어: Bernard Lewis, 1916년 5월 31일 ~ 2018년 5월 19일)는 영국 태생의 미국의 역사학자이며 중동 정치에 정통한 연구자이다. 그는 프린스턴 대학교에서 신동양학을 가르친 교수이며 이슬람교와 중동에 관해 정통한 것으로 유명하다. 특히 이슬람 사회와 서양 사회에 대해 연구하며 오스만 제국에 대한 역사서 저술로 널리 알려져 있다. 그는 중동 전문가로서 서방에서 이름을 떨쳤으며 많지 않은 전문가로 통한다. 조지 부시 대통령 등 여러 미 정치가들이 중동 정책에 대해 그의 자문을 얻곤 한다. 런던 인근의 교외에서 유대인 부모 슬하에 태어났으며 어렸을 때부터 많은 언어와 문화에 익숙했다. 그는 어렸을 때부터 히브리어에 관심이 많았다고 하는데 후에 아르메니아어, 아랍어, 라틴어, 그리스어, 페르시아어, 튀르키예어 등을 공부하게 됐다고 한다. 그는 역사에 대해 흥미가 많아서 유대인 역사서를 선물로 받는 것을 좋아했다고도 한다. 1936년 런던 대학교에서 근동 역사학에 대해 공부하고 학사 학위를 땄다. 그는 법학도 공부했으며 파리대학교에서 동양학을 공부하기도 했다.위를 땄다. 그는 법학도 공부했으며 파리대학교에서 동양학을 공부하기도 했다.
, Bernard Lewis, född 31 maj 1916 i i London, död 19 maj 2018 i i Camden County i New Jersey, var en engelskfödd amerikansk historiker med islam och Mellanöstern som specialområde.
, バーナード・ルイス（Bernard Lewis, 1916年5月31日 - 2018年5月19日）は、イギリスのユダヤ系歴史学者。プリンストン大学名誉教授。専門はイスラム・中東史。
, Bernard Lewis (ur. 31 maja 1916 w Londynie … Bernard Lewis (ur. 31 maja 1916 w Londynie, zm. 19 maja 2018 w ) – brytyjski i amerykański historyk, badacz dziejów świata muzułmańskiego. Był profesorem, a następnie emerytowanym profesorem Uniwersytetu Princeton. Był doradcą republikańskich prezydentów Stanów Zjednoczonych od spraw świata muzułmańskiego.dnoczonych od spraw świata muzułmańskiego.
, Bernard Lewis (Stoke Newington, 31 maggio 1916 – Voorhees, 19 maggio 2018) è stato uno storico e orientalista britannico.
, Берна́рд Лью́ис (англ. Bernard Lewis; 31 м … Берна́рд Лью́ис (англ. Bernard Lewis; 31 мая 1916 года, Лондон — 19 мая 2018 года, , Нью-Джерси) — британский и американский историк-востоковед, исламовед. Специализировался на истории ислама, взаимоотношениях между исламом и Западом, также известен как автор работ по истории Османской империи. Эмерит-профессор Принстонского университета. Почётный член Британской академии. Также известен своей спорной точкой зрения на геноцид армян.ей спорной точкой зрения на геноцид армян.
, برنارد لويس (بالإنجليزية: Bernard Lewis) … برنارد لويس (بالإنجليزية: Bernard Lewis) (ولد في 31 مايو 1916 - وتوفي في 19 مايو 2018) من مواليد لندن ببريطانيا. هو أستاذ فخري بريطاني-أمريكي لدراسات الشرق الأوسط في جامعة برنستون. وتخصص في تاريخ الإسلام والتفاعل بين الإسلام والغرب وتشتهر خصوصا أعماله حول تاريخ الدولة العثمانية. لويس هو أحد أهم علماء الشرق الأوسط الغربيين التي طالما ما سعى صناع السياسة من المحافظين الجدد مثل إدارة الرئيس الأمريكي جورج دبليو بوش إلى الحصول على استشارتهم.ي جورج دبليو بوش إلى الحصول على استشارتهم.
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| rdfs:label |
Bernard Lewis
, 버나드 루이스
, Льюис, Бернард
, バーナード・ルイス
, 伯納德·劉易斯
, برنارد لويس
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| rdfs:seeAlso |
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Armenian_genocide_denial +
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