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The relationship between science and the C … The relationship between science and the Catholic Church is a widely debated subject. Historically, the Catholic Church has been a patron of sciences. It has been prolific in the foundation and funding of schools, universities, and hospitals, and many clergy have been active in the sciences. Some historians of science such as Pierre Duhem credit medieval Catholic mathematicians and philosophers such as John Buridan, Nicole Oresme, and Roger Bacon as the founders of modern science. Duhem found "the mechanics and physics, of which modern times are justifiably proud, to proceed by an uninterrupted series of scarcely perceptible improvements from doctrines professed in the heart of the medieval schools." The conflict thesis and other critiques emphasize the historical or contemporary conflict between the Catholic Church and science, citing, in particular, the trial of Galileo as evidence. For its part, the Catholic Church teaches that science and the Christian faith are complementary, as can be seen from the Catechism of the Catholic Church which states in regards to faith and science: Though faith is above reason, there can never be any real discrepancy between faith and reason. Since the same God who reveals mysteries and infuses faith has bestowed the light of reason on the human mind, God cannot deny himself, nor can truth ever contradict truth. ... Consequently, methodical research in all branches of knowledge, provided it is carried out in a truly scientific manner and does not override moral laws, can never conflict with the faith, because the things of the world and the things of faith derive from the same God. The humble and persevering investigator of the secrets of nature is being led, as it were, by the hand of God despite himself, for it is God, the conserver of all things, who made them what they are. Catholic scientists, both religious and lay, have led scientific discovery in many fields. From ancient times, Christian emphasis on practical charity gave rise to the development of systematic nursing and hospitals and the Church remains the single largest private provider of medical care and research facilities in the world. Following the Fall of Rome, monasteries and convents remained bastions of scholarship in Western Europe and clergymen were the leading scholars of the age – studying nature, mathematics, and the motion of the stars (largely for religious purposes). During the Middle Ages, the Church founded Europe's first universities, producing scholars like Robert Grosseteste, Albert the Great, Roger Bacon, and Thomas Aquinas, who helped establish the scientific method. During this period, the Church was also a major patron of engineering for the construction of elaborate cathedrals. Since the Renaissance, Catholic scientists have been credited as fathers of a diverse range of scientific fields: Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) pioneered heliocentrism, René Descartes (1596-1650) father of analytical geometry and co-founder of modern philosophy, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744-1829) prefigured the theory of evolution with Lamarckism, Friar Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) pioneered genetics, and Fr Georges Lemaître (1894-1966) proposed the Big Bang cosmological model. The Jesuits have been particularly active, notably in astronomy. Church patronage of sciences continues through institutions like the Pontifical Academy of Sciences (a successor to the Accademia dei Lincei of 1603) and Vatican Observatory (a successor to the Gregorian Observatory of 1580).sor to the Gregorian Observatory of 1580).
, La Iglesia católica (como institución y de … La Iglesia católica (como institución y desde la actividad de sus miembros) ha establecido continuas relaciones con la ciencia y la cultura. Conocer la historia del vínculo Iglesia y ciencia resulta de interés en el mundo contemporáneo, para comprender de qué manera la Iglesia haya colaborado u obstaculizado la investigación científica, tanto para impulsar estudios como para oponerse a otros (por motivos doctrinales o morales).otros (por motivos doctrinales o morales).
, شكلّت العلاقة بين الكنيسة الرومانية الكاثو … شكلّت العلاقة بين الكنيسة الرومانية الكاثوليكية والعلوم موضوع جدل على نطاق واسع. يُذكر أنّ غالبًا ما كانت الكنيسة أحد الرعاة الرئيسيين للعلوم في الحضارة الغربية، فقد أسست الكنيسة شبكة واسعة من المدارس والجامعات والمستشفيات. في حين يرى عدد من المؤرخين والعلماء ان المسيحية كان لها دور سلبي وعائق في تطوير مسيرة العلوم، ولعل قضية محاكمة غاليليو غاليلي أبرز القضايا الجدلية في علاقة المسيحية مع العلم، بينما يذهب عدد آخر من المؤرخين والعلماء إلى كون المسيحية عامل ايجابي في تطوير العلوم عن طريق رعايتها لمختلف أنواع العلوم، فقد كانت أيضًا المسؤول الرئيسي عن نشوء بعضها كعلم الوراثة، وكون قضية غاليليو غاليلي هي الشاذ وليس القاعدة في علاقة الكنيسة مع العلوم.ذ وليس القاعدة في علاقة الكنيسة مع العلوم.
, Les relations entre l’Église catholique et la science font l'objet d'un important débat.
, Hubungan antara Gereja Katolik dan ilmu pe … Hubungan antara Gereja Katolik dan ilmu pengetahuan adalah topik yang banyak diperdebatkan. Secara historis, Gereja Katolik sering menjadi penyokong ilmu pengetahuan. Hubungan ini telah berkembang pesat dalam pendirian dan pendanaan sekolah, universitas, dan rumah sakit, dan banyak klerus telah aktif dalam ilmu pengetahuan. Para sejarawan ilmu pengetahuan seperti Pierre Duhem memuji para ahli matematika dan filsuf Katolik abad pertengahan seperti , , dan Roger Bacon sebagai para pendiri ilmu pengetahuan modern. Duhem menyimpulkan bahwa "mekanika dan fisika yang pada zaman modern dengan benar-benar bangganya dapat melanjutkan, melalui serangkaian perbaikan yang nyaris tak terlihat, dari doktrin-doktrin yang diakui di jantung sekolah-sekolah abad pertengahan." Namun, dan kritik-kritik lainnya menekankan konflik historis atau kontemporer antara Gereja Katolik dan ilmu pengetahuan, dengan mengutip secara khusus pengadilan Galileo sebagai bukti. Untuk bagiannya, Gereja Katolik mengajarkan bahwa ilmu pengetahuan dan iman Kristen saling melengkapi, seperti dapat dilihat dari Katekismus Gereja Katolik yang menyatakan berikut sehubungan dengan iman dan ilmu pengetahuan: Meskipun iman ada di atas nalar, tidak pernah ada perbedaan nyata antara iman dan nalar. Karena Tuhan yang sama yang mengungkap misteri dan menanamkan iman telah memberikan cahaya nalar pada pikiran manusia, Tuhan tidak dapat menyangkal dirinya, tidak juga kebenaran dapat bertentangan dengan kebenaran. ...Oleh karena itu, penelitian metodis di semua cabang pengetahuan, asalkan dilakukan dengan cara yang benar-benar ilmiah dan tidak mengesampingkan hukum moral, tidak pernah akan bertentangan dengan iman, karena hal-hal dunia dan hal-hal iman berasal dari Tuhan yang sama. Penyelidik yang rendah hati dan gigih tentang rahasia alam sedang dipimpin, seolah-olah, oleh tangan Tuhan terlepas dari dirinya sendiri, karena itu adalah Tuhan, yang memelihara segala sesuatu, yang menjadikan mereka apa adanya. Para ilmuwan Katolik, baik yang religius maupun awam, telah memimpin penemuan ilmiah dalam banyak bidang. Dari zaman kuno, penekanan Kristen pada kasih amal praktis memicu perkembangan keperawatan dan rumah sakit yang sistematis dan Gereja tetap menjadi penyedia tunggal perawatan medis dan fasilitas penelitian swasta terbesar di dunia. Setelah Keruntuhan Roma, biara-biara dan konven tetap menjadi benteng ilmu pengetahuan di Eropa Barat dan para rohaniwan adalah para sarjana terkemuka zaman tersebut - mempelajari alam, matematika, dan gerak bintang-bintang (sebagian besar untuk tujuan keagamaan). Selama Abad Pertengahan, Gereja mendirikan universitas-universitas pertama di Eropa, menghasilkan para sarjana seperti Robert Grosseteste, Albertus Agung, Roger Bacon, dan Thomas Aquinas, yang membantu meletakkan dasar metode ilmiah. Selama periode ini, Gereja juga merupakan penyokong besar teknik untuk pembangunan katedral yang rumit. Sejak Renaisans, para ilmuwan Katolik telah diakui sebagai bapak dari beragam bidang keilmuan: Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) memelopori heliosentrisme, Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck (1744-1829) mengisyaratkan teori evolusi dengan Lamarckisme, Frater Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) memelopori genetika, dan Fr Georges Lemaître (1894-1966) mengemukakan model kosmologis Big Bang. Para Yesuit telah sangat aktif, terutama dalam astronomi. Sokongan Gereja terhadap ilmu pengetahuan berlanjut melalui lembaga-lembaga seperti Akademi Kepausan untuk Ilmu Pengetahuan (penerus tahun 1603) dan Observatorium Vatikan (penerus tahun 1580).bservatorium Vatikan (penerus tahun 1580).
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La Iglesia católica (como institución y de … La Iglesia católica (como institución y desde la actividad de sus miembros) ha establecido continuas relaciones con la ciencia y la cultura. Conocer la historia del vínculo Iglesia y ciencia resulta de interés en el mundo contemporáneo, para comprender de qué manera la Iglesia haya colaborado u obstaculizado la investigación científica, tanto para impulsar estudios como para oponerse a otros (por motivos doctrinales o morales).otros (por motivos doctrinales o morales).
, Les relations entre l’Église catholique et la science font l'objet d'un important débat.
, Hubungan antara Gereja Katolik dan ilmu pe … Hubungan antara Gereja Katolik dan ilmu pengetahuan adalah topik yang banyak diperdebatkan. Secara historis, Gereja Katolik sering menjadi penyokong ilmu pengetahuan. Hubungan ini telah berkembang pesat dalam pendirian dan pendanaan sekolah, universitas, dan rumah sakit, dan banyak klerus telah aktif dalam ilmu pengetahuan. Para sejarawan ilmu pengetahuan seperti Pierre Duhem memuji para ahli matematika dan filsuf Katolik abad pertengahan seperti , , dan Roger Bacon sebagai para pendiri ilmu pengetahuan modern. Duhem menyimpulkan bahwa "mekanika dan fisika yang pada zaman modern dengan benar-benar bangganya dapat melanjutkan, melalui serangkaian perbaikan yang nyaris tak terlihat, dari doktrin-doktrin yang diakui di jantung sekolah-sekolah abad pertengahan." Namun, dan kritik-kritik lainnrtengahan." Namun, dan kritik-kritik lainn
, شكلّت العلاقة بين الكنيسة الرومانية الكاثو … شكلّت العلاقة بين الكنيسة الرومانية الكاثوليكية والعلوم موضوع جدل على نطاق واسع. يُذكر أنّ غالبًا ما كانت الكنيسة أحد الرعاة الرئيسيين للعلوم في الحضارة الغربية، فقد أسست الكنيسة شبكة واسعة من المدارس والجامعات والمستشفيات. في حين يرى عدد من المؤرخين والعلماء ان المسيحية كان لها دور سلبي وعائق في تطوير مسيرة العلوم، ولعل قضية محاكمة غاليليو غاليلي أبرز القضايا الجدلية في علاقة المسيحية مع العلم، بينما يذهب عدد آخر من المؤرخين والعلماء إلى كون المسيحية عامل ايجابي في تطوير العلوم عن طريق رعايتها لمختلف أنواع العلوم، فقد كانت أيضًا المسؤول الرئيسي عن نشوء بعضها كعلم الوراثة، وكون قضية غاليليو غاليلي هي الشاذ وليس القاعدة في علاقة الكنيسة مع العلوم.ذ وليس القاعدة في علاقة الكنيسة مع العلوم.
, The relationship between science and the C … The relationship between science and the Catholic Church is a widely debated subject. Historically, the Catholic Church has been a patron of sciences. It has been prolific in the foundation and funding of schools, universities, and hospitals, and many clergy have been active in the sciences. Some historians of science such as Pierre Duhem credit medieval Catholic mathematicians and philosophers such as John Buridan, Nicole Oresme, and Roger Bacon as the founders of modern science. Duhem found "the mechanics and physics, of which modern times are justifiably proud, to proceed by an uninterrupted series of scarcely perceptible improvements from doctrines professed in the heart of the medieval schools." The conflict thesis and other critiques emphasize the historical or contemporary conflict e the historical or contemporary conflict
|
| rdfs:label |
Iglesia católica y ciencia
, الكنيسة الكاثوليكية والعلم
, Relations entre l'Église catholique et les sciences
, Science and the Catholic Church
, Gereja Katolik dan ilmu pengetahuan
|
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, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Vatican_Advanced_Technology_Telescope +
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