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طرق هيكلة المشكلات (PSMs): هي مجموعة من ال … طرق هيكلة المشكلات (PSMs): هي مجموعة من التقنيات المستخدمة لنمذجة أو رسم خرائط لطبيعة أو هيكلية حالة ما أو حالة الأمور والتي قد يريد بعض الأشخاص أن يقومو بتغييرها. طرق هيكلة المشكلات هي بالعادة تستخدم من قبل مجموعة من الأشخاص بطريقة تضافر (بدلاً من انفرادية الفرد) لخلق قرار بالإجماع حول أو على الأقل لتسهيل نقاشات حول ماذا يجب أن يتم تغييره. بعض طرق هيكلة المشكلات التي تم تبنيها تتضمن طريقة الأنظمة اللينة (SSM) وطريقة الخيار الاستراتيجي (SCA) وطريقة تطوير وتحليل الخيارات الاستراتيجية (SODA).تطوير وتحليل الخيارات الاستراتيجية (SODA).
, Problem structuring methods (PSMs) are a g … Problem structuring methods (PSMs) are a group of techniques used to model or to map the nature or structure of a situation or state of affairs that some people want to change. PSMs are usually used by a group of people in collaboration (rather than by a solitary individual) to create a consensus about, or at least to facilitate negotiations about, what needs to change. Some widely adopted PSMs include soft systems methodology, the strategic choice approach, and strategic options development and analysis (SODA). Unlike some problem solving methods that assume that all the relevant issues and constraints and goals that constitute the problem are defined in advance or are uncontroversial, PSMs assume that there is no single uncontested representation of what constitutes the problem. PSMs are mostly used with groups of people, but PSMs have also influenced the coaching and counseling of individuals.he coaching and counseling of individuals.
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Problem structuring methods (PSMs) are a g … Problem structuring methods (PSMs) are a group of techniques used to model or to map the nature or structure of a situation or state of affairs that some people want to change. PSMs are usually used by a group of people in collaboration (rather than by a solitary individual) to create a consensus about, or at least to facilitate negotiations about, what needs to change. Some widely adopted PSMs include soft systems methodology, the strategic choice approach, and strategic options development and analysis (SODA).c options development and analysis (SODA).
, طرق هيكلة المشكلات (PSMs): هي مجموعة من ال … طرق هيكلة المشكلات (PSMs): هي مجموعة من التقنيات المستخدمة لنمذجة أو رسم خرائط لطبيعة أو هيكلية حالة ما أو حالة الأمور والتي قد يريد بعض الأشخاص أن يقومو بتغييرها. طرق هيكلة المشكلات هي بالعادة تستخدم من قبل مجموعة من الأشخاص بطريقة تضافر (بدلاً من انفرادية الفرد) لخلق قرار بالإجماع حول أو على الأقل لتسهيل نقاشات حول ماذا يجب أن يتم تغييره. بعض طرق هيكلة المشكلات التي تم تبنيها تتضمن طريقة الأنظمة اللينة (SSM) وطريقة الخيار الاستراتيجي (SCA) وطريقة تطوير وتحليل الخيارات الاستراتيجية (SODA).تطوير وتحليل الخيارات الاستراتيجية (SODA).
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, Problem structuring methods
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