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Eskom είναι η δημόσια επιχείρηση παραγωγής … Eskom είναι η δημόσια επιχείρηση παραγωγής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας της Νότιας Αφρικής. Ιδρύθηκε το 1923 υπό την ονομασία Επιτροπή Προμήθειας Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας (ή στα αγγλικά, Electricity Supply Commission - ESCOM). Είναι γνωστή και με το ακρωνύμιο EVKOM από το Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie που σημαίνει Επιτροπή Προμήθειας Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας στα αφρικάανς. Η επιχείρηση ιδρύθηκε σύμφωνα με τον Νόμο Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας του 1922. Η Eskom εκπροσωπεί τη Νότια Αφρική στο . Η επιχείρηση είναι ο μεγαλύτερος παραγωγός ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας στην Αφρική. Είναι η μεγαλύτερη νοτιοαφρικάνικη κρατική εταιρεία. Είναι μια από τις δέκα μεγαλύτερες επιχειρήσεις ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας του κόσμου όσον αφορά τη χωρητικότητα παραγωγής και τις πωλήσεις. Η Eskom διαχειρίζεται γνωστούς σταθμούς παραγωγής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας, όπως ο στο , ο στο , ο και ο στην . Ο σταθμός παραγωγής ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος Κέμπεργκ είναι το μόνο εργοστάσιο παραγωγής πυρηνικής ενέργειας της Αφρικής. Η εταιρεία χωρίζεται σε τμήματα παραγωγής, μεταφοράς και διανομής ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος. Η Eskom παράγει περίπου το 95% of του ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος της Νότιας Αφρικής, το οποίο αντιστοιχεί περίπου στο 45% της ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας που καταναλώνει η Αφρική, και παράγει το 42% των εκπομπών αερίων θερμοκηπίου της Νότιας Αφρικής. Το 2019 ανακοινώθηκε ότι η Eskom θα διασπαστεί σε τρεις κρατικές εταιρείες λόγω των τεράστιων χρεών της και της χαμηλής αξιοπιστίας της προμήθειας ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος.ιστίας της προμήθειας ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος.
, Eskom Hld SOC Ltd or Eskom is a South Afri … Eskom Hld SOC Ltd or Eskom is a South African electricity public utility. It was established in 1923 as the Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) and was also known by its Afrikaans name Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM). Eskom represents South Africa in the Southern African Power Pool. The utility is the largest producer of electricity in Africa, and was among the top utilities in the world in terms of generation capacity and sales, but has since slipped in both categories. It is the largest of South Africa's state owned enterprises. Eskom operates a number of notable power stations, including Matimba Power Station and Medupi Power Station in Lephalale, Kusile Power Station in Witbank, Kendal Power Station, and Koeberg Nuclear Power Station in the Western Cape Province, the only nuclear power plant in Africa. The company is divided into Generation, Transmission and Distribution divisions, and together Eskom generates approximately 95% of electricity used in South Africa, amounting to ~45% used in Africa, and emits 42% of South Africa's total greenhouse gas emissions. By releasing 1.6 million tons of sulfur dioxide into the air in 2019, Eskom is also the largest emitter of sulfur dioxide in the power industry in the world. In 2019, it was announced that Eskom was to be split up into three distinct nationally owned entities due to huge debts and poor reliability of supply. At the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference, a deal was announced for developed countries to fund South Africa's transition from coal power to renewable energy. However, employment in the mining sector threatens this transition.e mining sector threatens this transition.
, Eskom est la première des compagnies de pr … Eskom est la première des compagnies de production et de distribution d'électricité en Afrique du Sud (et l'une des dix premières dans le monde). Fondée en 1923 par l' Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM), également connue sous son nom en Afrikaans Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM), par le gouvernement d'Afrique du Sud selon les termes de l' Electricity Act (1922) Eskom s'est entièrement développée durant environ un siècle sur la base du charbon, et a encore récemment été l'opérateur du projet controversé de centrale au charbon de Medupi alors que l’Afrique du Sud dépend à plus de 90 % du charbon pour sa production électrique, ce qui en fait le pays dont le secteur électrique est le plus polluant au monde selon le Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (Centre de recherche sur l’énergie et l’air pur, organisme de recherche indépendant). En 2019, le chiffre d'affaires d'Eskom était de 12,86 milliards de dollars américains, pour une capacité installée de 44,17 GW (en 2018). capacité installée de 44,17 GW (en 2018).
, Eskom – południowoafrykańska firma, utworz … Eskom – południowoafrykańska firma, utworzona w 1922 roku jako Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM), zajmująca się wytwarzaniem, przesyłaniem i dystrybucją energii elektrycznej, wykorzystywanej w przemyśle, górnictwie, handlu, rolnictwie i przez odbiorców indywidualnych; produkuje ok. 95% energii elektrycznej zużywanej w Afryce Południowej i ok. 45% – w całej Afryce. Od 1 lipca 2002 Eskom jest spółką publiczną (Eskom Holdings Limited), zarządzaną przez Radę Dyrektorów. Jedynym akcjonariuszem Eskom jest rząd Republiki Południowej Afryki, którego przedstawicielem jest minister ds. rozwoju (the Minister of Public Enterprises). W celu zaspokojenia rosnącego zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną w Republice Południowej Afryki buduje nowe elektrownie i linie energetyczne. Eskom posiada zintegrowany system zarządzania popytem (Integrated Demand Management, IDM), którego celem jest zapewnienie krótkoterminowego bezpieczeństwa dostaw energii elektrycznej. Służy temu koordynacja i konsolidacja różnych inicjatyw zmierzających do optymalizacji zużycia energii oraz równoważenie popytu i dostaw. Kluczową rolę odgrywa promowanie i wdrażanie energooszczędnych technologii oraz zachowań konsumentów.ych technologii oraz zachowań konsumentów.
, Eskom (Eskom Holdings Ltd.) ist ein südafr … Eskom (Eskom Holdings Ltd.) ist ein südafrikanisches Stromversorgungsunternehmen, das 1923 als Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) gegründet wurde, es ist auch unter seinem afrikaanssprachigen Namen Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM) bekannt. Die Gründung wurde 1922 von der südafrikanischen Regierung mit dem Electricity Act (Act No. 42 of 1922) auf eine nationale gesetzliche Grundlage gestellt und am 6. März 1923 in der Government Gazette rückwirkend bekanntgegeben. Das Unternehmen befindet sich zu einhundert Prozent im Staatsbesitz und wird durch das Department of Public Enterprises kontrolliert. Seit Mitte November 2019 ist CEO von Eskom.eit Mitte November 2019 ist CEO von Eskom.
, Eskom är ett sydafrikanskt elföretag. Esko … Eskom är ett sydafrikanskt elföretag. Eskom startade 1923 som Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) av den sydafrikanska regeringen. Företaget var också känt under afrikaans-namnet Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM). De två förkortningarna slogs samman 1986 då företaget fick sitt nuvarande namn. Företaget är den största elproducenten i Afrika och en av de största elföretagen i världen.ch en av de största elföretagen i världen.
, Eskom estas sudafrika elektroprodukta ŝtat … Eskom estas sudafrika elektroprodukta ŝtata entrepreno, establita en 1923 kiel Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) fare de la registaro de Sudafriko laŭ la regularo koletita ĉe la Electricity Act (1922). Ĝi estas konata ankaŭ laŭ ties nomo en Afrikaans nome Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM). Ambaŭ akronimoj estis fande kombinitaj en 1986 kaj la entrepreno estas nune konata kiel Eskom. Eskom reprezentas Sudafrikon en la Southern African Power Pool. Tiu entrepreno estas la plej granda produktanto de elektro en Afriko, kaj estas inter la plej supraj sep elektrentreprenoj en la mondo laŭ gener-kapablo kaj inter la naŭ supraj laŭ vendado.pablo kaj inter la naŭ supraj laŭ vendado.
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R 781 billion
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Rod Crompton, Adjunct professor African Energy Leadership Centre Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand
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South African cents per kWh of electricity, 1994 to 2020, with the start of the South African energy crisis in 2007 marked on the chart
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Chart
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| x = 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021
| y1 = 10.32, 11.15, 11.3, 11.85, 12.29, 12.44, 13.23, 13.76, 15, 16.09, 16.04, 17.79, 18.7, 19.8, 25.24, 33.14, 41.57, 52.30, 60.66, 65.51, 70.75, 76.41, 82.53, 89.13, 93.79, 106.8, 110.93
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June 2016
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|
"1923-03-01"^^xsd:date
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http://www.eskom.co.za +
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Andre de Ruyter
, Malegapuru Makgoba
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200
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Eskom
|
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|
R-18.9 billion
, -1.28E9
|
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|
42749
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Eskom's sales have been declining by about 1% per annum. The less it sells, the higher the tariff it wants, and the less it sells – the utility death spiral.
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domain on WP:BLACKLIST
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1.382E10
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Electricity
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34.0
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| rdfs:comment |
Eskom est la première des compagnies de pr … Eskom est la première des compagnies de production et de distribution d'électricité en Afrique du Sud (et l'une des dix premières dans le monde). Fondée en 1923 par l' Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM), également connue sous son nom en Afrikaans Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM), par le gouvernement d'Afrique du Sud selon les termes de l' Electricity Act (1922) Eskom s'est entièrement développée durant environ un siècle sur la base du charbon, et a encore récemment été l'opérateur du projet controversé de centrale au charbon de Medupi alors que l’Afrique du Sud dépend à plus de 90 % du charbon pour sa production électrique, ce qui en fait le pays dont le secteur électrique est le plus polluant au monde selon le Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (Centre de recherche Energy and Clean Air (Centre de recherche
, Eskom estas sudafrika elektroprodukta ŝtat … Eskom estas sudafrika elektroprodukta ŝtata entrepreno, establita en 1923 kiel Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) fare de la registaro de Sudafriko laŭ la regularo koletita ĉe la Electricity Act (1922). Ĝi estas konata ankaŭ laŭ ties nomo en Afrikaans nome Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM). Ambaŭ akronimoj estis fande kombinitaj en 1986 kaj la entrepreno estas nune konata kiel Eskom. Eskom reprezentas Sudafrikon en la Southern African Power Pool.afrikon en la Southern African Power Pool.
, Eskom är ett sydafrikanskt elföretag. Esko … Eskom är ett sydafrikanskt elföretag. Eskom startade 1923 som Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) av den sydafrikanska regeringen. Företaget var också känt under afrikaans-namnet Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM). De två förkortningarna slogs samman 1986 då företaget fick sitt nuvarande namn. Företaget är den största elproducenten i Afrika och en av de största elföretagen i världen.ch en av de största elföretagen i världen.
, Eskom είναι η δημόσια επιχείρηση παραγωγής … Eskom είναι η δημόσια επιχείρηση παραγωγής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας της Νότιας Αφρικής. Ιδρύθηκε το 1923 υπό την ονομασία Επιτροπή Προμήθειας Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας (ή στα αγγλικά, Electricity Supply Commission - ESCOM). Είναι γνωστή και με το ακρωνύμιο EVKOM από το Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie που σημαίνει Επιτροπή Προμήθειας Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας στα αφρικάανς. Το 2019 ανακοινώθηκε ότι η Eskom θα διασπαστεί σε τρεις κρατικές εταιρείες λόγω των τεράστιων χρεών της και της χαμηλής αξιοπιστίας της προμήθειας ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος.ιστίας της προμήθειας ηλεκτρικού ρεύματος.
, Eskom – południowoafrykańska firma, utworz … Eskom – południowoafrykańska firma, utworzona w 1922 roku jako Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM), zajmująca się wytwarzaniem, przesyłaniem i dystrybucją energii elektrycznej, wykorzystywanej w przemyśle, górnictwie, handlu, rolnictwie i przez odbiorców indywidualnych; produkuje ok. 95% energii elektrycznej zużywanej w Afryce Południowej i ok. 45% – w całej Afryce. Od 1 lipca 2002 Eskom jest spółką publiczną (Eskom Holdings Limited), zarządzaną przez Radę Dyrektorów. Jedynym akcjonariuszem Eskom jest rząd Republiki Południowej Afryki, którego przedstawicielem jest minister ds. rozwoju (the Minister of Public Enterprises). W celu zaspokojenia rosnącego zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną w Republice Południowej Afryki buduje nowe elektrownie i linie energetyczne.uje nowe elektrownie i linie energetyczne.
, Eskom (Eskom Holdings Ltd.) ist ein südafr … Eskom (Eskom Holdings Ltd.) ist ein südafrikanisches Stromversorgungsunternehmen, das 1923 als Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) gegründet wurde, es ist auch unter seinem afrikaanssprachigen Namen Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM) bekannt. Die Gründung wurde 1922 von der südafrikanischen Regierung mit dem Electricity Act (Act No. 42 of 1922) auf eine nationale gesetzliche Grundlage gestellt und am 6. März 1923 in der Government Gazette rückwirkend bekanntgegeben. Das Unternehmen befindet sich zu einhundert Prozent im Staatsbesitz und wird durch das Department of Public Enterprises kontrolliert.rtment of Public Enterprises kontrolliert.
, Eskom Hld SOC Ltd or Eskom is a South Afri … Eskom Hld SOC Ltd or Eskom is a South African electricity public utility. It was established in 1923 as the Electricity Supply Commission (ESCOM) and was also known by its Afrikaans name Elektrisiteitsvoorsieningskommissie (EVKOM). Eskom represents South Africa in the Southern African Power Pool. The utility is the largest producer of electricity in Africa, and was among the top utilities in the world in terms of generation capacity and sales, but has since slipped in both categories. It is the largest of South Africa's state owned enterprises. Eskom operates a number of notable power stations, including Matimba Power Station and Medupi Power Station in Lephalale, Kusile Power Station in Witbank, Kendal Power Station, and Koeberg Nuclear Power Station in the Western Cape Province, the onlyion in the Western Cape Province, the only
|
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Eskom
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http://dbpedia.org/resource/South_African_energy_crisis +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Gupta_family +
|
