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De la pirotechnia è un'opera libraria pubb … De la pirotechnia è un'opera libraria pubblicata in prima edizione nel 1540 in Venezia. L'autore è Vannoccio Biringuccio, che fu pure il disegnatore delle numerose illustrazioni ma morì tre anni prima della pubblicazione. L'edizione originale è strutturata in dieci libri e il titolo si riferisce alla produzione della polvere da sparo, che viene dettagliatamente spiegata nel trattato, ma l'opera descrive con estrema chiarezza e precisione pure l'arte dell'oreficeria, vetreria, scultura, zecca, fusione dei caratteri a stampa e varie tecniche per estrazione mineraria nonché elaborazione di metalli. Tale opera per la sua profonda erudizione, semplicità di espressione e illustrazioni notevolmente esplicative ebbe sùbito un largo successo, tanto che fu tradotta in francese, tedesco, inglese e latino. La parte che si occupa dell'arte orafa fu considerata lettura indispensabile per tutti gli orafi europei come pure il di Benvenuto Cellini: infatti i libri scritti da Biringuccio e Cellini restano dei classici dell'oreficeria. Fu il primo trattato sulla metallurgia. Il libro è illustrato da 94 xilografie e tratta in primo luogo i principali minerali: l'oro, l'argento, il rame, il piombo, lo stagno e il ferro. Per la prima volta si fa menzione delle operazioni di assaggio dell'oro e dell'argento, della forgiatura, della distillazione e della costruzione di specchi e ceramiche. L'opera tratta poi i semi-minerali come il mercurio o lo zolfo e l'antimonio, di cui fornisce la prima descrizione nota di una procedura per isolarlo, per la quale è perciò attribuita a lui la sua scoperta, nonché successivamente l'analisi e la preparazione dei minerali sia per la fusione che per l'impiego esplosivo. Come Calbus Fribergius, Biringuccio è citato da Georg Agricola nell'introduzione alla sua più importante opera, il De Re Metallica : " Nuper uerò Vannocius Biringuccius Senensis, homo disertus, & multarum rerum peritus, uulgari Italorum sermone tractauit locum De metallis fundendis, separandis, agglutinandis."lis fundendis, separandis, agglutinandis."
, «De la pirotechnia» («Піротехнія») — перша … «De la pirotechnia» («Піротехнія») — перша в Європі енциклопедія технічних наук. Автор — Ванноччо Бірінгуччо 20 жовтня 1480 — †30 квітня 1539), італійський інженер і вчений. Вийшла італійською розмовною мовою у 1540 р., французький переклад здійснено у 1558 р. Набула великої популярності у Європі. Назва праці перекладається як «вогняне ремесло», тобто опис промислів, пов'язаних із використанням вогню. У перших частинах десятитомної енциклопедії наведені тогочасні геологічні уявлення, описи родовищ, способи видобутку й збагачення деяких рудних мінералів. Важливе значення мали практичні відомості про хімічні, гірничі й металургійні технології, описи плавильних печей, повітродувних міхів тощо. У дев'ятій книзі були розкриті основні алхімічні ідеї, але сам автор, розглядаючи технологічні процеси, однозначно віддавав перевагу дослідним даним, а не алхімічним теоріям. Відомо, що енциклопедія була подарована Георгіусу Агріколі венеціанським патрицієм . Високо оцінюючи обізнаність автора та красномовство викладу, Агрікола зокрема відзначав, що його книги й праця Бірінгуччо за змістом немов би доповнюють одна одну, оскільки багатьох технологічних питань «Піротехнія» торкається лише частково.
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*іротехнія» торкається лише частково.
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, De la Pirotechnia se considera el primer l … De la Pirotechnia se considera el primer libro impreso sobre metalurgia que fue publicado en Europa. Fue escrito en italiano y publicado en Venecia en 1540. El autor fue Vannoccio Biringuccio, ciudadano de Siena, Italia. El segundo libro sobre metalurgia, De re metallica, fue escrito en latín por Georgius Agricola, y publicado en 1556.r Georgius Agricola, y publicado en 1556.
, De la Pirotechnia is considered to be one … De la Pirotechnia is considered to be one of the first printed books on metallurgy to have been published in Europe. It was written in Italian and first published in Venice in 1540. The author was Vannoccio Biringuccio, a citizen of Siena, Italy, who died before it was published. Further editions were published in 1550, 1558, 1559, and 1678, with a (sloppy) French translation by Jacques Vincent being published in 1556, 1572, and 1627. Parts were translated into Latin (by Georgius Agricola), English (Richard Eden; Peter Whitehorn) and Spanish (Bernardo Perez de Vargas) at various times in the 1550s and 1560s, generally without acknowledgement.The second book on metallurgy, De re metallica, was written in Latin by Georgius Agricola, and published in 1556. Mining was typically left to professionals, craftsmen and experts who were not eager to share their knowledge. Much experiential knowledge had been accumulated over the course of time. This knowledge was consecutively handed down orally within a small group of technicians and mining overseers. In the Middle Ages these people held the same leading role as the master builders of the great cathedrals, or perhaps also alchemists. It was a small, cosmopolitan elite within which existing knowledge was passed on and further developed but not shared with the outside world. Only a few writers from that time wrote anything about mining itself. Partly, that was because this knowledge was very difficult to access. Most writers also found it simply not worth the effort to write about it. Only after the middle ages did this perception begin to change. With the improved transport and the invention of the printing press knowledge spread much more easily and faster than before. In 1500, the first printed book dedicated to mining engineering, called the Nutzlich Bergbuchleyn (The Useful Little Mining Book”) by Ulrich Rulein von Calw, was published. Both De la pirotechnia and De re metallica were translated into English in the 20th century. The translation of Pirotechnia was by Cyril Stanley Smith, a senior chemist on the Manhattan Project, and Martha Teach Gnudi. Both books were illustrated with extensive, beautiful woodcuts. The majority of the work is devoted to the more technical aspects of metalworking (such as the mining, assaying and smelting of ores), but Biringuccio also provides insights into the humanistic philosophy of the Italian Renaissance. Alchemy is also discussed.an Renaissance. Alchemy is also discussed.
, De la Pirotechnia es considera el primer l … De la Pirotechnia es considera el primer llibre imprès sobre metal·lúrgia que va ser publicat a Europa. Va ser escrit en italià i publicat a Venècia en 1540. L'autor va ser Vannoccio Biringuccio, ciutadà de Siena, Itàlia. El segon llibre sobre metal·lúrgia, De re metallica, va ser escrit en llatí per Georgius Agricola, i publicat en 1556.per Georgius Agricola, i publicat en 1556.
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De la pirotechnia è un'opera libraria pubb … De la pirotechnia è un'opera libraria pubblicata in prima edizione nel 1540 in Venezia. L'autore è Vannoccio Biringuccio, che fu pure il disegnatore delle numerose illustrazioni ma morì tre anni prima della pubblicazione. L'edizione originale è strutturata in dieci libri e il titolo si riferisce alla produzione della polvere da sparo, che viene dettagliatamente spiegata nel trattato, ma l'opera descrive con estrema chiarezza e precisione pure l'arte dell'oreficeria, vetreria, scultura, zecca, fusione dei caratteri a stampa e varie tecniche per estrazione mineraria nonché elaborazione di metalli. Tale opera per la sua profonda erudizione, semplicità di espressione e illustrazioni notevolmente esplicative ebbe sùbito un largo successo, tanto che fu tradotta in francese, tedesco, inglese e laradotta in francese, tedesco, inglese e la
, «De la pirotechnia» («Піротехнія») — перша … «De la pirotechnia» («Піротехнія») — перша в Європі енциклопедія технічних наук. Автор — Ванноччо Бірінгуччо 20 жовтня 1480 — †30 квітня 1539), італійський інженер і вчений. Вийшла італійською розмовною мовою у 1540 р., французький переклад здійснено у 1558 р. Набула великої популярності у Європі.
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*абула великої популярності у Європі.
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, De la Pirotechnia es considera el primer l … De la Pirotechnia es considera el primer llibre imprès sobre metal·lúrgia que va ser publicat a Europa. Va ser escrit en italià i publicat a Venècia en 1540. L'autor va ser Vannoccio Biringuccio, ciutadà de Siena, Itàlia. El segon llibre sobre metal·lúrgia, De re metallica, va ser escrit en llatí per Georgius Agricola, i publicat en 1556.per Georgius Agricola, i publicat en 1556.
, De la Pirotechnia is considered to be one … De la Pirotechnia is considered to be one of the first printed books on metallurgy to have been published in Europe. It was written in Italian and first published in Venice in 1540. The author was Vannoccio Biringuccio, a citizen of Siena, Italy, who died before it was published. Further editions were published in 1550, 1558, 1559, and 1678, with a (sloppy) French translation by Jacques Vincent being published in 1556, 1572, and 1627. Parts were translated into Latin (by Georgius Agricola), English (Richard Eden; Peter Whitehorn) and Spanish (Bernardo Perez de Vargas) at various times in the 1550s and 1560s, generally without acknowledgement.The second book on metallurgy, De re metallica, was written in Latin by Georgius Agricola, and published in 1556. Georgius Agricola, and published in 1556.
, De la Pirotechnia se considera el primer l … De la Pirotechnia se considera el primer libro impreso sobre metalurgia que fue publicado en Europa. Fue escrito en italiano y publicado en Venecia en 1540. El autor fue Vannoccio Biringuccio, ciudadano de Siena, Italia. El segundo libro sobre metalurgia, De re metallica, fue escrito en latín por Georgius Agricola, y publicado en 1556.r Georgius Agricola, y publicado en 1556.
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De la pirotechnia
, De la Pirotechnia
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