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http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract Un ordinateur neuronal est un ordinateur dUn ordinateur neuronal est un ordinateur dans lequel le processeur est constitué d'un ensemble de neurones biologiques ou imitant son fonctionnement. D'ores et déjà, des circuits s'appuyant sur des neurones de sangsue ont réalisé des additions et une impulsion nerveuse circulant entre deux neurones d'escargot a transité par une puce électronique. À ne pas confondre avec un ordinateur à réseau de neurones, qui est un ordinateur doté d'un processeur électronique qui imite le fonctionnement du réseau des neurones du cerveau (on peut citer l'exemple des processeurs ZISC, des NPU présent dans la plupart des nouvelles puces mobiles, ainsi que du perceptron accélérant l'exécution spéculative dans les puces AMD et Samsung).péculative dans les puces AMD et Samsung). , إن الحاسوب الدماغي هو حاسوب عضوي (يعرف أيضإن الحاسوب الدماغي هو حاسوب عضوي (يعرف أيضًا باسم العقل العضوي الصناعي أو الحاسوب العصبي) وهو مصنوع من عصبونات حية. كان العالم بيل ديتو (Bill Ditto) من معهد جورجيا التقني هو أول باحث اتجه نحو اختراع تلك العقول المكونة صناعيًا، لكنها لا تزال عضوية. ولقد تم إنشاء نموذج أولي من عصبونات الحلقيات وهو قادر على أداء العمليات الحسابية البسيطة. ما زالت المفاهيم في طور البحث والنمذجة الأولية، ولكن يتوقع في المستقبل القريب أن تتمكن العقول العضوية الصناعية من القيام بمهام تمييز الأشكال البسيطة، مثل تمييز الخطوط، هذا على الرغم من أن تصميم تلك العقول لا زال أبسط بكثير من عقول الحيوان. العقول لا زال أبسط بكثير من عقول الحيوان. , ニューロコンピュータとは、脳を構成する神経細胞が神経回線網を張り巡らせることで情報処理を司るという動作を基本原理とするコンピュータである。非ノイマン型方式。 ニューラルネットワーク制御(知的制御の1つ、システムの入出力信号をもとにしてニューラルネットによって非線形な入出力関係を再現し、それを制御対象とする制御手法)を基礎理論とする。 第五世代コンピュータに続く、第六世代コンピュータとされる場合がある。 , Il computer organico è un ipotetico computIl computer organico è un ipotetico computer basato, invece che su componenti artificiali, su una integrazione fra elementi in silicio e organici. Sono attualmente allo studio integrazioni tra silicio e neuroni: neuroni di lumaca sono stati fatti "crescere" all'interno di chip di silicio: con questo ibrido si è riusciti a compiere la somma di due numeri, operazione base di tutti i calcoli elaborati dai sistemi informatici.Queste sperimentazioni sono ancora relegate ai laboratori e centri di ricerca e non si intravedono applicazioni commerciali in tempi brevi.Una delle più grandi difficoltà che si parano sulla strada di un elaboratore a base organica, è appunto, il mantenimento della base organica stessa, la quale non si "accontenta" di corrente elettrica ma necessita di fluidi nutritivi: inoltre, essendo una struttura a base biologica, sottostà a tutti i limiti della materia vivente, e cioè deperimento e morte. Una possibile soluzione sarebbe quella di modificare pesantemente una struttura vivente tramite l'Ingegneria genetica, o meglio, progettare da zero una struttura biologica artificiale in grado di crescere e rigenerarsi indefinitivamente: questo permetterebbe di coltivare tessuti artificiali dedicati all'elaborazione dati: si veda, per approfondire, la voce Rete neurale.Il notevole vantaggio di strutture biologiche è il superiore grado di connettività tra le unità elaborative (neuroni) che permetterebbe di risolvere problemi non gestibili dagli attuali elaboratori elettronici.ili dagli attuali elaboratori elettronici. , A wetware computer is an organic computer A wetware computer is an organic computer (which can also be known as an artificial organic brain or a neurocomputer) composed of organic material "wetware" such as "living" neurons. Wetware computers composed of neurons are different than conventional computers because they are thought to be capable in a way of "thinking for themselves", because of the dynamic nature of neurons. While a wetware computer is still largely conceptual, there has been limited success with construction and prototyping, which has acted as a proof of the concept's realistic application to computing in the future. The most notable prototypes have stemmed from the research completed by biological engineer William Ditto during his time at the Georgia Institute of Technology. His work constructing a simple neurocomputer capable of basic addition from leech neurons in 1999 was a significant discovery for the concept. This research acted as a primary example driving interest in the creation of these artificially constructed, but still organic brains.lly constructed, but still organic brains.
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rdfs:comment Il computer organico è un ipotetico computIl computer organico è un ipotetico computer basato, invece che su componenti artificiali, su una integrazione fra elementi in silicio e organici. Sono attualmente allo studio integrazioni tra silicio e neuroni: neuroni di lumaca sono stati fatti "crescere" all'interno di chip di silicio: con questo ibrido si è riusciti a compiere la somma di due numeri, operazione base di tutti i calcoli elaborati dai sistemi informatici.Queste sperimentazioni sono ancora relegate ai laboratori e centri di ricerca e non si intravedono applicazioni commerciali in tempi brevi.Una delle più grandi difficoltà che si parano sulla strada di un elaboratore a base organica, è appunto, il mantenimento della base organica stessa, la quale non si "accontenta" di corrente elettrica ma necessita di fluidi nutritivi: ittrica ma necessita di fluidi nutritivi: i , ニューロコンピュータとは、脳を構成する神経細胞が神経回線網を張り巡らせることで情報処理を司るという動作を基本原理とするコンピュータである。非ノイマン型方式。 ニューラルネットワーク制御(知的制御の1つ、システムの入出力信号をもとにしてニューラルネットによって非線形な入出力関係を再現し、それを制御対象とする制御手法)を基礎理論とする。 第五世代コンピュータに続く、第六世代コンピュータとされる場合がある。 , Un ordinateur neuronal est un ordinateur dUn ordinateur neuronal est un ordinateur dans lequel le processeur est constitué d'un ensemble de neurones biologiques ou imitant son fonctionnement. D'ores et déjà, des circuits s'appuyant sur des neurones de sangsue ont réalisé des additions et une impulsion nerveuse circulant entre deux neurones d'escargot a transité par une puce électronique.rgot a transité par une puce électronique. , إن الحاسوب الدماغي هو حاسوب عضوي (يعرف أيضإن الحاسوب الدماغي هو حاسوب عضوي (يعرف أيضًا باسم العقل العضوي الصناعي أو الحاسوب العصبي) وهو مصنوع من عصبونات حية. كان العالم بيل ديتو (Bill Ditto) من معهد جورجيا التقني هو أول باحث اتجه نحو اختراع تلك العقول المكونة صناعيًا، لكنها لا تزال عضوية. ولقد تم إنشاء نموذج أولي من عصبونات الحلقيات وهو قادر على أداء العمليات الحسابية البسيطة. ما زالت المفاهيم في طور البحث والنمذجة الأولية، ولكن يتوقع في المستقبل القريب أن تتمكن العقول العضوية الصناعية من القيام بمهام تمييز الأشكال البسيطة، مثل تمييز الخطوط، هذا على الرغم من أن تصميم تلك العقول لا زال أبسط بكثير من عقول الحيوان. العقول لا زال أبسط بكثير من عقول الحيوان. , A wetware computer is an organic computer A wetware computer is an organic computer (which can also be known as an artificial organic brain or a neurocomputer) composed of organic material "wetware" such as "living" neurons. Wetware computers composed of neurons are different than conventional computers because they are thought to be capable in a way of "thinking for themselves", because of the dynamic nature of neurons. While a wetware computer is still largely conceptual, there has been limited success with construction and prototyping, which has acted as a proof of the concept's realistic application to computing in the future. The most notable prototypes have stemmed from the research completed by biological engineer William Ditto during his time at the Georgia Institute of Technology. His work constructing a simple neurocompu His work constructing a simple neurocompu
rdfs:label حاسوب دماغي , Ordinateur neuronal , Wetware computer , ニューロコンピュータ , Computer organico
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