| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract
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In psychiatry, stilted speech or pedantic … In psychiatry, stilted speech or pedantic speech is communication characterized by situationally-inappropriate formality. This formality can be expressed both through abnormal prosody as well as speech content that is "inappropriately pompous, legalistic, philosophical, or quaint". Often, such speech can act as evidence for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or a thought disorder, a common symptom in schizophrenia or schizotypal personality disorder. To diagnose stilted speech, researchers have previously looked for the following characteristics:
* speech conveying more information than necessary
* vocabulary and grammar expected from formal writing rather than conversational speech
* unneeded repetition or corrections While literal and long-winded word content is often the most identifiable feature of stilted speech, such speech often displays irregular prosody, especially in resonance. Often, the loudness, pitch, rate, and nasality of pedantic speech vary from normal speech, resulting in the perception of pedantic or stilted speaking. For example, overly loud or high-pitched speech can come across to listeners as overly forceful while slow or nasal speech creates an impression of condescension. These attributions, which are commonly found in patients with ASD, partially account for why stilted speech has been considered a diagnostic criterion for the disorder. Stilted speech, along with atypical intonation, semantic drift, terseness, and perseveration, are all known deficits with adolescents on the autistic spectrum. Often, stilted speech found in children with ASD will also be especially stereotypic or in some cases even rehearsed. Patients with schizophrenia are also known to experience stilted speech. This symptom is attributed to both an inability to access more commonly used words and a difficulty understanding pragmatics—the relationship between language and context. However, stilted speech appears as a less common symptom compared to a certain number of other symptoms of the psychosis (Adler et al 1999). This element of cognitive disorder is also exhibited as a symptom in the narcissistic personality disorder (Akhtar & Thomson 1982).There is disagreement on the definition of psychophenomenology within the discipline of psychiatry, e.g. published sources provide definitions that are "various and sometimes conflicting (Rule 2005)" (Andreasen 1979).conflicting (Rule 2005)" (Andreasen 1979).
, 在精神病学中，生硬言语(stilted speech)或学究式言语(pedantic … 在精神病学中，生硬言语(stilted speech)或学究式言语(pedantic speech)是交流情境中不当的形式。 这种形式既可以是不当的韵律，也可以是言语内容“浮夸、法律化、哲学或古雅” 。 通常情况下，这样的言语可以作为诊断精神分裂症或自闭症光谱（ASD）的依据，或者作为精神分裂症或分裂性人格障礙的常见症状的一种思维障碍。 为了判断生硬言语，研究者先前已经观察到了以下特征：
* 语言传递了过多的信息
* 使用书面语而不是日常会话的词汇和语法
* 不必要的重复或修正 书面的和冗长单词内容通常是生硬言语中最容易识别的特征，这种言语也表现出不规则的韵律，尤其是在谐振方面。 通常，生硬言语的音量、音高、频率和鼻音与正常言语不同，使人们感觉迂腐或者造作。 例如，过大的声音或过高的音调可能会给听众造成过于有力的印象，而缓慢或带鼻音的讲话会给人一种屈尊俯就的印象。 这些在自闭症患者中常见的症状，部分解释了为什么生硬言语被用于诊断自闭症。不当的语调，语义漂移，简洁和执着，这些都是在与自闭症谱系的青少年交谈时常见的缺陷。 通常，自闭症儿童中发现的生硬言语也会被特别地刻板化或重复练习。 精神分裂症患者也会经历生硬言语。 这种症状既是由于其无法接触更常用的词汇，也是由于其难以理解语用学——即语言与上下文之间的关系。 然而，生硬言语相较其他精神病症状不太常见。 这种认知障碍的因素也表现为自戀型人格疾患的症状生硬言语相较其他精神病症状不太常见。 这种认知障碍的因素也表现为自戀型人格疾患的症状
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8334
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March 2018
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What is "psychophenomonology" and how is this relevant to stilted speech?
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There is disagreement on the definition of psychophenomenology within the discipline of psychiatry, e.g. published sources provide definitions that are "various and sometimes conflicting " .
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在精神病学中，生硬言语(stilted speech)或学究式言语(pedantic … 在精神病学中，生硬言语(stilted speech)或学究式言语(pedantic speech)是交流情境中不当的形式。 这种形式既可以是不当的韵律，也可以是言语内容“浮夸、法律化、哲学或古雅” 。 通常情况下，这样的言语可以作为诊断精神分裂症或自闭症光谱（ASD）的依据，或者作为精神分裂症或分裂性人格障礙的常见症状的一种思维障碍。 为了判断生硬言语，研究者先前已经观察到了以下特征：
* 语言传递了过多的信息
* 使用书面语而不是日常会话的词汇和语法
* 不必要的重复或修正 书面的和冗长单词内容通常是生硬言语中最容易识别的特征，这种言语也表现出不规则的韵律，尤其是在谐振方面。 通常，生硬言语的音量、音高、频率和鼻音与正常言语不同，使人们感觉迂腐或者造作。 例如，过大的声音或过高的音调可能会给听众造成过于有力的印象，而缓慢或带鼻音的讲话会给人一种屈尊俯就的印象。 这些在自闭症患者中常见的症状，部分解释了为什么生硬言语被用于诊断自闭症。不当的语调，语义漂移，简洁和执着，这些都是在与自闭症谱系的青少年交谈时常见的缺陷。 通常，自闭症儿童中发现的生硬言语也会被特别地刻板化或重复练习。年交谈时常见的缺陷。 通常，自闭症儿童中发现的生硬言语也会被特别地刻板化或重复练习。
, In psychiatry, stilted speech or pedantic … In psychiatry, stilted speech or pedantic speech is communication characterized by situationally-inappropriate formality. This formality can be expressed both through abnormal prosody as well as speech content that is "inappropriately pompous, legalistic, philosophical, or quaint". Often, such speech can act as evidence for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or a thought disorder, a common symptom in schizophrenia or schizotypal personality disorder. To diagnose stilted speech, researchers have previously looked for the following characteristics: looked for the following characteristics:
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| rdfs:label |
生硬言语
, Stilted speech
|
