| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract
|
راي كيدر (بالإنجليزية: Ray Kidder) هو عالم نووي وفيزيائي أمريكي، ولد في 12 نوفمبر 1923 في نيويورك في الولايات المتحدة.
, Ray Edward Kidder (* 12. November 1923 in … Ray Edward Kidder (* 12. November 1923 in New York City; † 3. Dezember 2019) war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker. Kidder wurde 1950 an der Ohio State University in Physik promoviert. 1950 bis 1956 war er Senior Physicist bei der California Research Corporation. Ab 1956 war er am Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, wo er Abteilungsleiter in der Theorieabteilung war und an der Entwicklung von Kernwaffen arbeitete insbesondere durch numerische Simulation. Er war einer der Vorsitzenden des Komitees, dass die letzten H-Bomben-Tests im Pazifik (Operation Dominic) vor der Einstellung der oberirdischen Nukleartests vorbereitete, mit der Aufgabenstellung, dabei die nötigen Informationen zu erhalten, um mit Computer-Simulationen fortzufahren. Anfang der 1960er Jahre wandte er das mit Stirling Colgate und John Nuckolls auf Laserfusion an und 1962 bis 1972 leitete er das entsprechende Programm des Labors, das erste am Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. 1990 ging er in den Ruhestand. In der Debatte um einen Artikel in der Zeitschrift The Progressive von Howard Morland, in der aus offen zugänglichen Informationen das sogenannte Geheimnis der H-Bombe aufgedeckt wurde, sprach er sich 1979 im Gegensatz zu Hans Bethe gegen Zensur aus, was zu einem zunächst geheimen Briefwechsel zwischen ihm und Bethe führte (2001 offengelegt), in dem er Bethe schließlich von seiner Position überzeugte. Er kritisierte auch 1997 die Entscheidung der US-Regierung für ein aufwändiges Unterhalt-Programm für ihr nukleares Arsenal (Stockpile Stewardship) als unnötige Ausgaben. Als ihn darauf die amerikanische Arms Control and Disarmament Agency mit einer Auswertung der gängigen Praxis beauftragte, verweigerte man ihm 1998 Zugang zu geheimem Material, obwohl er die nötigen Sicherheitsfreigaben hatte. Das führte zu einer öffentlichen Kontroverse. 1999 sprach er sich dafür aus, dass die USA dem Kernwaffenteststopp-Vertrag beitreten (was sie allerdings bis heute (2017) nicht taten) und trat Befürchtungen entgegen, dies würde die nuklearen Abschreckungsfähigkeiten der USA beeinträchtigen. Er unterstützte in den 1990er Jahren Senatsmitglieder und Regierungsbeamte als Berater bei einer Verlängerung des Test-Moratoriums in den USA während der Clinton-Regierung. 1993 erhielt er den Leo Szilard Lectureship Award. Er war Fellow der American Physical Society. 1989 erhielt er einen Humboldt-Forschungspreis.erhielt er einen Humboldt-Forschungspreis.
, Ray E. Kidder (12 November 1923 – 3 Decemb … Ray E. Kidder (12 November 1923 – 3 December 2019) was an American physicist and nuclear weapons designer. He is best known for his outspoken views on nuclear weapons policy issues, including nuclear testing, stockpile management, and arms control. Kidder was a weapons physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for 35 years, and retired in 1990. He had arrived at the laboratory in 1956. During his tenure, as well as after his retirement, he became involved in a number of controversial policy issues. In 1960, Kidder worked with John Nuckolls and Stirling Colgate at Livermore to develop computer simulations for producing nuclear fusion in laser-compressed deuterium-tritium capsules. The results of this work led to Livermore's laser fusion program in 1962, which Kidder was appointed the head of. This program used weapons-derived calculations in an attempt to make usable nuclear fusion sources. In 1979, Kidder was a witness for the defense in the United States v. The Progressive case, in which the U.S. Department of Energy sought to suppress the publication of a magazine article alleged to reveal the "secret of the hydrogen bomb". Kidder favored uncensored publication of the material, which had been compiled from unclassified sources, and claimed that Nobel Prize-winning physicist Hans Bethe had been misinformed when Bethe swore an affidavit in favor of censorship. Bethe and Kidder then engaged in a classified correspondence debating the issue. The correspondence was declassified in 2001. In 1997, Kidder argued against the Department of Energy's Stockpile Stewardship and Management Program, calling it "misguided in a number of ways", including introducing unnecessary changes in warhead materials, the cost of large-scale computational and experimental resources, and its effects on arms control efforts. He also criticized the building of the National Ignition Facility, saying it was not essential for stockpile stewardship. In 1998, the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (ACDA) asked Kidder to perform an independent technical review of some issues in warhead remanufacture, but Kidder was denied access to the classified material required for the study, despite holding the appropriate security clearance. A controversy ensued, involving U.S. Congressional Representative Ellen Tauscher and Secretary of Energy Bill Richardson. In 1999, Kidder co-authored an op-ed article in The Washington Post, favoring the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty then pending before the United States Senate. In 2000, Kidder wrote to the Justice Ministry of Israel regarding the Mordechai Vanunu case, saying that he did not believe that Vanunu possessed any technical nuclear information that had not already been made public. (The Israeli government opposed Vanunu's release from prison in 1998, claiming he still possessed secret information.) Kidder resided in Pleasanton, California. Kidder resided in Pleasanton, California.
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/activeYearsEndYear
|
2000
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/activeYearsStartYear
|
1956
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/employer
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lawrence_Livermore_National_Laboratory +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/occupation
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Physicist +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ray_Kidder__PersonFunction__1 +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageExternalLink
|
https://web.archive.org/web/20040923102841/http:/web.mit.edu/sts/SSBS/kidder.html +
, http://web.mit.edu/sts/SSBS/kidder.html +
, https://web.archive.org/web/20121013135314/http:/www.fas.org/programs/ssp/nukes/testing/raykidderrpts.html +
, http://web.mit.edu/anthropology/faculty_staff/gusterson/op-eds/SBSS_free_speech_Lmore_indept_99.html +
, https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/1999-10/10/027r-101099-idx.html +
, https://web.archive.org/web/20150203224948/http:/www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/1999-10/10/027r-101099-idx.html +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageID
|
4563047
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageLength
|
7290
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageRevisionID
|
1107096589
|
| http://dbpedia.org/ontology/wikiPageWikiLink
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nuclear_testing +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Stirling_Colgate +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Israel +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ellen_Tauscher +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lawrence_Livermore_National_Laboratory +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/The_Washington_Post +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Deuterium +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Lawrence_Livermore_National_Laboratory_staff +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Tritium +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Laser +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nuclear_weapons +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pleasanton%2C_California +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Arms_control +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/United_States_Senate +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mordechai_Vanunu +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Arms_control_people +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Loomis_Chaffee_School_alumni +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/United_States_Department_of_Energy +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Nuclear_weapons_policy +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1923_births +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Nuclear_secrecy +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nobel_Prize +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Op-ed +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Physicist +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Hans_Bethe +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:American_nuclear_physicists +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Nuclear_fusion +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/John_Nuckolls +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:21st-century_American_physicists +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:2019_deaths +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/United_States_v._The_Progressive +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Comprehensive_Test_Ban_Treaty +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/employer
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lawrence_Livermore_National_Laboratory +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/name
|
Ray E. Kidder
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/nationality
|
American
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/occupation
|
Physicist, weapons designer, arms control advocate
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/wikiPageUsesTemplate
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Short_description +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:More_citations_needed +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Citation_needed_span +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Better_source_needed +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Authority_control +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Cite_journal +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Cite_news +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Template:Infobox_person +
|
| http://dbpedia.org/property/yearsActive
|
1956
|
| http://purl.org/dc/terms/subject
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:American_nuclear_physicists +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:1923_births +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:2019_deaths +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Lawrence_Livermore_National_Laboratory_staff +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Nuclear_weapons_policy +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Nuclear_secrecy +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Loomis_Chaffee_School_alumni +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:Arms_control_people +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Category:21st-century_American_physicists +
|
| http://purl.org/linguistics/gold/hypernym
|
http://dbpedia.org/resource/Physicist +
|
| http://schema.org/sameAs
|
http://viaf.org/viaf/40926203 +
|
| http://www.w3.org/ns/prov#wasDerivedFrom
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Kidder?oldid=1107096589&ns=0 +
|
| http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/isPrimaryTopicOf
|
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Kidder +
|
| http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name
|
Ray E. Kidder
|
| owl:sameAs |
http://rdf.freebase.com/ns/m.0c9180 +
, http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ray_Kidder +
, http://yago-knowledge.org/resource/Ray_Kidder +
, http://viaf.org/viaf/40926203 +
, https://global.dbpedia.org/id/4tysC +
, http://arz.dbpedia.org/resource/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%89_%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1 +
, http://ar.dbpedia.org/resource/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A_%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%B1 +
, http://de.dbpedia.org/resource/Ray_Kidder +
, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7297701 +
|
| rdf:type |
http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/WikicatAmericanPhysicists +
, http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Eukaryote +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/WikicatArmsControlPeople +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/CausalAgent100007347 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/PhysicalEntity100001930 +
, http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Animal +
, http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Person100007846 +
, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q5 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/WikicatLivingPeople +
, http://schema.org/Person +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Physicist110428004 +
, http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Species +
, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q729 +
, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q215627 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/WikicatAmericanNuclearPhysicists +
, http://www.ontologydesignpatterns.org/ont/dul/DUL.owl#NaturalPerson +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/YagoLegalActorGeo +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/YagoLegalActor +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/NuclearPhysicist110364643 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Object100002684 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/LivingThing100004258 +
, http://dbpedia.org/ontology/Person +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Whole100003553 +
, http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q19088 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Scientist110560637 +
, http://dbpedia.org/class/yago/Organism100004475 +
|
| rdfs:comment |
Ray E. Kidder (12 November 1923 – 3 Decemb … Ray E. Kidder (12 November 1923 – 3 December 2019) was an American physicist and nuclear weapons designer. He is best known for his outspoken views on nuclear weapons policy issues, including nuclear testing, stockpile management, and arms control. Kidder was a weapons physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory for 35 years, and retired in 1990. He had arrived at the laboratory in 1956. During his tenure, as well as after his retirement, he became involved in a number of controversial policy issues. Kidder resided in Pleasanton, California. Kidder resided in Pleasanton, California.
, راي كيدر (بالإنجليزية: Ray Kidder) هو عالم نووي وفيزيائي أمريكي، ولد في 12 نوفمبر 1923 في نيويورك في الولايات المتحدة.
, Ray Edward Kidder (* 12. November 1923 in … Ray Edward Kidder (* 12. November 1923 in New York City; † 3. Dezember 2019) war ein US-amerikanischer Physiker. Kidder wurde 1950 an der Ohio State University in Physik promoviert. 1950 bis 1956 war er Senior Physicist bei der California Research Corporation. Ab 1956 war er am Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, wo er Abteilungsleiter in der Theorieabteilung war und an der Entwicklung von Kernwaffen arbeitete insbesondere durch numerische Simulation. Er war einer der Vorsitzenden des Komitees, dass die letzten H-Bomben-Tests im Pazifik (Operation Dominic) vor der Einstellung der oberirdischen Nukleartests vorbereitete, mit der Aufgabenstellung, dabei die nötigen Informationen zu erhalten, um mit Computer-Simulationen fortzufahren. Anfang der 1960er Jahre wandte er das mit Stirling Col960er Jahre wandte er das mit Stirling Col
|
| rdfs:label |
Ray Kidder
, راي كيدر
|
