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Peter Christopher Yorke (13 August 1864 – 4 April 1925) was an American Irish Catholic priest and an Irish Republican and Labor activist in San Francisco.
, “The secretary reported that whereas there … “The secretary reported that whereas there were 58 branches last year, there are now 120 fully-affiliated branches. With this development, there was also a strong national sentiment in favour of the language ... One occurrence was largely instrumental in producing this – viz., the lecture by Rev. Father Yorke” (Tuairisc ar mhórchomhdháil Chonradh na Gaeilge, An Claidheamh Soluis, 26 Bealtaine 1900). “The Turning of the Tide” ba theideal do léacht an Athar Yorke (Ó hEirc a thugadh an Dr de Hindeberg air) ar 6 Meán Fómhair 1899 san Antient Concert Rooms i mBaile Átha Cliath faoi choimirce Ard-Chraobh an Chonartha. Yorke féin a d’íoc cíos an halla. Is féidir a mheas ar eagarfhocal An Chlaidhimh ar 16 Meán Fómhair conas a chuaigh Yorke i gcion ar an 1,200 a bhí sa láthair: “... every person in the audience must have felt like one who had lived in darkness for years and stepped forth suddenly into the light and glory of a brilliant summer day, or like one just released from the noisome and foetid atmosphere of a dungeon who stands on the seashore and inhales the fresh breezes blowing around him and listens enraptured to the music of the waves. We have never heard yet anything like it.” Labhair sé faoin ngaol atá ag teanga le náisiúntacht. Chaith sé anuas ar chultúr an “clane pleat”. Dhamnaigh sé na nuachtáin mar údair ghalldachais. Shíl an Craoibhín gurbh é an t-óráidí ab fhearr dár chuala sé riamh é.Pearsa an-mhór i stair San Francisco ba ea Yorke. In Studies Earrach 1973 scríobh James P. Walsh faoi: “To working-class Irish Americans, those maintaining precarious positions on the socio-economic ladder, Yorke became a point of orientation and remained a joy. As a speaker he was eloquent, as a writer he was thoughtful, but more often, humorous, sarcastic and terribly anti-intellectual. He popped the balloons of the presumtuous and outraged the assumed superiority of the bigots. This Irish priest was indeed a fighting man. Loving his style, his people eagerly accepted the heady brand of popular leadership he embodied.” Comhartha ar a thábhacht go bhfuil iontráil faoi in Dictionary of American Biography. Tá mioneolas agus leabharliostaí le fáil: san aiste sin in Studies; ag James P. Walsh agus Timothy Foley in Studia Hibernica 1974; agus ag P. W. Joyce in The Furrow, Nollaig 1951. Scríobh J. Busher beathaisnéis faoin teideal oiriúnach Consecrated thunderbolt (1971)Rugadh Peter Yorke sa Bhalla Fada, Gaillimh, ar 13 Lúnasa 1864. Captaen mara a athair Gregory agus b’as Inis Mór i gCuan Mó, Co. Mhaigh Eo, dá mháthair Bridget Kelly. B’as oileáin Árann dá sheanmháthair agus i litir scríobh sé: ‘... I am related, I fear, to every man, woman and child in the three islands so that if I were to ‘cut’ I could not get married to a virgin or widow in the whole community.” Tá a thuilleadh eolais ar a shinsir agus ar an mbéaloideas ina thaobh ag Seán Ó Conghaile (Cnoc na hAille) in Inniu 23 Aibreán 1976 in aiste dar teideal ‘An tAthair Peadar C. Yorke agus sagairt eile a sheas leis an nGaeilge’. Bhí sé ar scoil i gColáiste Iognáid i nGaillimh. Nuair a fuair a athair bás chuaigh a mháthair go Meiriceá agus cuireadh Peadar ar aíocht i gColáiste Iarlatha i dTuaim. Deirtear go raibh Gaeilge aige óna mhuintir agus rinne sé staidéar uirthi i dTuaim faoin Athair Uileog de Búrca. Mar mhac léinn ó Dheoise na Gaillimhe a chuaigh sé go Maigh Nuad. Bhí sé in aon rang le Eoghan Ó Gramhnaigh agus Seán Maolmhuire Ó Raghallaigh. Chaitheadh sé laethanta saoire in Inis Meáin. Ba eisean faoi deara Ó Gramhnaigh bheith ag triall ann. Chabhródh sé go mór ar ball le heagrú shochraid Uí Ghramhnaigh agus thabharfadh an óráid mholta san ardeaglais i San Francisco.In 1886 chuaigh sé go dtí an deoise sin faoin gcóras uchtála eaglasta. D’oirnigh an Cairdinéal Mac Giobúin é ar 17 Nollaig 1887. Is cosúil gur creideadh san am go ndéanfadh sé togha easpaig agus tugadh gach deis dó: dhá bhliain san Ollscoil Chaitliceach; poist an tsean-sailéara deoise agus rúnaí an ardeaspaig; in 1895 ceapadh é ina eagarthóir ar The Monitor, páipéar na deoise. Síltear gur chun troid in aghaidh sheineafóibe an American Protective Association a tugadh an páipéar dó. B’in í an deis aige é féin a shá san uile achrann chun Caitlicigh agus Gaeil a chosaint. Agus b’in é freisin a chuir deireadh le cibé seans a bhí aige chun bheith ina bhall den chliarlathas. Deir Walsh agus Foley: “Yorke became a permanent embarrassment and irritant to the hierarchy and a sheer delight to the admiring Irish-American working class.”Ach má chaill sé The Monitor fuair sé seachtanán dá chuid féin, The Leader, i 1902 le cabhair a chairde. Ba ghairid gur thug sé faoi Ollscoil Chaitliceach Mheiriceá toisc nach ligfeadh siad don Dr Risteard de Hindeberg fanacht ann ina ollamh le Gaeilge. Dar leis gur de bhrí gurbh Éireannach é a thug siad bóthar dó. Nuair a ceapadh Joseph Dunn mar chomharba seo é an cur síos a thug Yorke air: “A native born, full-blooded Anglo-Saxon Irish-American, a graduate of Harvard ... who after a little study in Yerrup will-aw-be a much better and satisfactory person than a mere Irishman ...” (Walsh agus Foley). Thugadh sé “Séamas a’ chaca” sa pháipéar ar an bpolaiteoir James D. Phelan.I 1902 freisin ceapadh é ina bhall de bhord stiúrtha Ollscoil Chalifornia i mBerkeley. Chun é a chiúnú mhol an t-uachtarán go mbeadh comhaltacht Ghaeilge san ollscoil. Tá cuntas ag James P. Walsh ar ar tharla san aiste in Studies. Rud cuíosach beag a bhí beartaithe ach rinne Yorke rud mór de. Ar a mholadhsan ba é De Hindeberg a ceapadh in ainneoin a dhrochshláinte agus theip ar an “ollúnacht” tar éis tamaill bhig. Murach é bheith ar an mBord Stiúrtha meastar gurbh é Yorke féin a cheapfaí.Liosta fada na rudaí a d’éirigh le Yorke a dhéanamh. D’eagraigh sé an t-aonach Éireannach i San Francisco i 1902 agus bhunaigh Craobh California de Chonradh na Gaeilge. I 1905 chabhraigh sé leis an gCraoibhín chun airgead a bhailiú. D’ullmhaigh sé taispeántas na scoileanna Caitliceacha d’Aonach an Domhain i Chicago. Rinne sé eadráin i go leor stailceanna móra. Bhí sé ag comhordú na n-oibreacha fóirithinte i ndiaidh chrith talún 1906. Bhunaigh sé gluaiseacht measarthachta agus chuir tearmann, Inis Fáil, ar fáil do chailíní oibre. Bhí sé ina leasuachtarán ar Shinn Féin sna Stáit agus ina uachtarán i gCalifornia ar an Association for Recognition of the Irish Republic. I 1908 agus arís i 1921–23 bhí sé ina leasuachtarán ar an Catholic Education Association. Scríobh sé leabhair agus paimfléid i dtaobh na biogóideachta thall, oideachais, 1916...D’éag Peter Yorke ar 5 Aibreán 1925. Deir Walsh agus Foley (1974) go mbíonn oilithreacht bhliantúil go dtí a uaigh. Chabhraigh sé go mór chun fuinneamh a chur i ngluaiseacht óg na teanga in 1899. B’fhéidir freisin gur fhág sé le hoidhreacht ag cuid de na Conraitheoirí túsúla úd beagán dá stíl trodach éadulangach. Tá seanchas le fáil in Tales of the West of Ireland (1967) le James Berry faoin mbaint a bhí ag long de chuid mhuintir Yorke na Gaillimhe le bunú San Francisco.Tá tuilleadh eolais faoin mbeatha seo ar fáil ar http://dib.cambridge.org/ »seo ar fáil ar http://dib.cambridge.org/ »
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“The secretary reported that whereas there … “The secretary reported that whereas there were 58 branches last year, there are now 120 fully-affiliated branches. With this development, there was also a strong national sentiment in favour of the language ... One occurrence was largely instrumental in producing this – viz., the lecture by Rev. Father Yorke” (Tuairisc ar mhórchomhdháil Chonradh na Gaeilge, An Claidheamh Soluis, 26 Bealtaine 1900). “The Turning of the Tide” ba theideal do léacht an Athar Yorke (Ó hEirc a thugadh an Dr de Hindeberg air) ar 6 Meán Fómhair 1899 san Antient Concert Rooms i mBaile Átha Cliath faoi choimirce Ard-Chraobh an Chonartha. Yorke féin a d’íoc cíos an halla. Is féidir a mheas ar eagarfhocal An Chlaidhimh ar 16 Meán Fómhair conas a chuaigh Yorke i gcion ar an 1,200 a bhí sa láthair: “... every person in200 a bhí sa láthair: “... every person in
, Peter Christopher Yorke (13 August 1864 – 4 April 1925) was an American Irish Catholic priest and an Irish Republican and Labor activist in San Francisco.
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Peter Yorke
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