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باول ألفرد فايس (بالإنجليزية: Paul Alfred … باول ألفرد فايس (بالإنجليزية: Paul Alfred Weiss) (و. 1898 – 1989 م) هو أحيائي من الولايات المتحدة، والنمسا، ولد في فيينا، وكان عضوًا في الأكاديمية الملكية السويدية للعلوم، والجمعية الأمريكية للفلسفة، والجمعية الأميركية لتقدم العلوم، والأكاديمية الأمريكية للفنون والعلوم، والأكاديمية الوطنية للعلوم، والأكاديمية الألمانية للعلوم ليوبولدينا، توفي في وايت بلينس، نيويورك، عن عمر يناهز 91 عاماً.ايت بلينس، نيويورك، عن عمر يناهز 91 عاماً.
, Пауль Альфред Вайс (нем. Paul Alfred Weiss … Пауль Альфред Вайс (нем. Paul Alfred Weiss, 21 марта 1898 г. - 8 сентября 1989 г.) — австрийский биолог, который специализировался на морфогенезе, биологии развития, дифференцировке клеток и нейробиологии. Он был педагогом, экспериментатором и теоретиком, внес значительный вклад в науку за свою долгую карьеру, в течение которой он стремился объединить специалистов в различных областях для решения общих проблем и обмена своими идеями.ения общих проблем и обмена своими идеями.
, Paul Alfred Weiss, född 21 mars 1898 i Wien, död 8 september 1989 i White Plains, New York, var en österrikisk biolog som specialiserade sig på morfogenes, utvecklingsbiologi, celldifferentiering och neurobiologi.
, Paul Alfred Weiss, né le 21 mars 1898 à Vienne (Autriche) et mort le 8 septembre 1989 à White Plains (État de New York, États-Unis), est un biologiste austro-américain réputé pour ses travaux en embryologie expérimentale et en neurobiologie.
, Paul Alfred Weiss (* 21. März 1898 in Wien … Paul Alfred Weiss (* 21. März 1898 in Wien; † 8. September 1989 in White Plains, USA) war ein österreichisch-amerikanischer Biologe. Er trug wesentliches zur Systemtheorie bei und führte eine Feldtheorie in die Embryologie ein. Seine Dissertation schrieb er in Wien bei Hans Leo Przibram in der Biologischen Versuchsanstalt im Wiener Prater ("Vivarium"). Er beschrieb im Rahmen seiner Werke zur Systemtheorie einen Schichtendeterminismus.ystemtheorie einen Schichtendeterminismus.
, Paul Alfred Weiss (March 21, 1898 – Septem … Paul Alfred Weiss (March 21, 1898 – September 8, 1989) was an Austrian biologist who specialised in morphogenesis, development, differentiation and neurobiology. A teacher, experimenter and theorist, he made a lasting contribution to science in his lengthy career, throughout which he sought to encourage specialists in different fields to meet and share insights. Paul Weiss was born in Vienna, the son of a Jewish couple, Carl S. Weiss, a businessman, and Rosalie Kohn Weiss. His background favoured music, poetry, and philosophy – Weiss himself was a violinist – but an uncle encouraged an interest in science. Weiss received his baccalaureate in 1916. After the end of the First World War, having served for three years as an officer in the artillery, he commenced studies in mechanical engineering at the Technische Hochschule in Vienna, (now Vienna University of Technology). He then shifted his focus to biology with a minor in physics. He absorbed the studies of Edmond B. Wilson, Edwin G. Concklin, and Theodor Bovari and completed his doctoral thesis in 1922 under Hans Leo Przibram, then director of the Biological Research Institute of the Academy of Sciences in Vienna, on the responses of butterflies to light and gravity. After completing his thesis he traveled widely in Europe, becoming an assistant director of the Biological Research Institute of the Vienna Academy of Sciences. In 1926 he married Maria Helen Blaschka. His studies of limb regeneration in newts showed that a complete limb could regenerate even if particular tissue forms were removed from the stump: the required types of tissue would reform. He studied cell differentiation and the transplanting and reforming of connections in the nerves of limbs, using newts and frogs for his experiments. He went on to consider neurobiology and morphogenesis. He introduced the idea of the "natural experiment" – the quest for suggestive examples from nature – and this became a favourite teaching device. In 1930 a prospective post at the University of Frankfurt was lost due to the depression and Weiss moved to the United States. In 1931, after studying developing cell cultures for some time, Weiss won a Sterling fellowship to work with Ross Granville Harrison at Yale. He took US citizenship in 1939, publishing his Principles of Development the same year. From 1933 to 1954, after working briefly at Yale, he taught at the University of Chicago. In his work on tissue cultures Weiss outlined several features of cell proliferation: he showed how cell-patterns are affected by their substrate and, through grafts, proved that basic neural patterns of coordination were self-differentiating rather than learned, though higher vertebrates can "retrain" reflexes. During World War II he worked with the American government on nerve injury. In 1947 he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. In 1954 he became one of the first professors at the new Rockefeller University in New York, where he remained for fifteen years. Paul Weiss was awarded the National Medal of Science by President Jimmy Carter in 1979. He died at White Plains, New York, on September 8, 1989, at the age of 91. In similarity to Ludwig von Bertalanffy he described organisms in a systems biology approach with concepts like hierarchically organized systems or primary activity. Thus in some of his works he challenged a reductionist applicability of mechanistic and deterministic physical laws to solely explain the phenomena of life.s to solely explain the phenomena of life.
, ポール・アルフレッド・ワイス (Paul Alfred Weiss, 1898年3月21日 – 1989年9月8日) は、形態形成、生物学的発達、細胞分化、神経科学の分野を専門としたオーストリア生まれのアメリカ人生物学者である。ドイツ語読みではパウル・アルフレート・ヴァイスとの表記になる。 教師として、実験者として、理論家として、異なる分野の専門家と交流し見識を分かち合うための働きかけに努め、その長いキャリアの中で科学に対し恒常的な貢献をした。
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Paul Alfred Weiss, né le 21 mars 1898 à Vienne (Autriche) et mort le 8 septembre 1989 à White Plains (État de New York, États-Unis), est un biologiste austro-américain réputé pour ses travaux en embryologie expérimentale et en neurobiologie.
, Paul Alfred Weiss (* 21. März 1898 in Wien … Paul Alfred Weiss (* 21. März 1898 in Wien; † 8. September 1989 in White Plains, USA) war ein österreichisch-amerikanischer Biologe. Er trug wesentliches zur Systemtheorie bei und führte eine Feldtheorie in die Embryologie ein. Seine Dissertation schrieb er in Wien bei Hans Leo Przibram in der Biologischen Versuchsanstalt im Wiener Prater ("Vivarium"). Er beschrieb im Rahmen seiner Werke zur Systemtheorie einen Schichtendeterminismus.ystemtheorie einen Schichtendeterminismus.
, Paul Alfred Weiss (March 21, 1898 – Septem … Paul Alfred Weiss (March 21, 1898 – September 8, 1989) was an Austrian biologist who specialised in morphogenesis, development, differentiation and neurobiology. A teacher, experimenter and theorist, he made a lasting contribution to science in his lengthy career, throughout which he sought to encourage specialists in different fields to meet and share insights. After completing his thesis he traveled widely in Europe, becoming an assistant director of the Biological Research Institute of the Vienna Academy of Sciences. In 1926 he married Maria Helen Blaschka.. In 1926 he married Maria Helen Blaschka.
, Paul Alfred Weiss, född 21 mars 1898 i Wien, död 8 september 1989 i White Plains, New York, var en österrikisk biolog som specialiserade sig på morfogenes, utvecklingsbiologi, celldifferentiering och neurobiologi.
, باول ألفرد فايس (بالإنجليزية: Paul Alfred … باول ألفرد فايس (بالإنجليزية: Paul Alfred Weiss) (و. 1898 – 1989 م) هو أحيائي من الولايات المتحدة، والنمسا، ولد في فيينا، وكان عضوًا في الأكاديمية الملكية السويدية للعلوم، والجمعية الأمريكية للفلسفة، والجمعية الأميركية لتقدم العلوم، والأكاديمية الأمريكية للفنون والعلوم، والأكاديمية الوطنية للعلوم، والأكاديمية الألمانية للعلوم ليوبولدينا، توفي في وايت بلينس، نيويورك، عن عمر يناهز 91 عاماً.ايت بلينس، نيويورك، عن عمر يناهز 91 عاماً.
, Пауль Альфред Вайс (нем. Paul Alfred Weiss … Пауль Альфред Вайс (нем. Paul Alfred Weiss, 21 марта 1898 г. - 8 сентября 1989 г.) — австрийский биолог, который специализировался на морфогенезе, биологии развития, дифференцировке клеток и нейробиологии. Он был педагогом, экспериментатором и теоретиком, внес значительный вклад в науку за свою долгую карьеру, в течение которой он стремился объединить специалистов в различных областях для решения общих проблем и обмена своими идеями.ения общих проблем и обмена своими идеями.
, ポール・アルフレッド・ワイス (Paul Alfred Weiss, 1898年3月21日 – 1989年9月8日) は、形態形成、生物学的発達、細胞分化、神経科学の分野を専門としたオーストリア生まれのアメリカ人生物学者である。ドイツ語読みではパウル・アルフレート・ヴァイスとの表記になる。 教師として、実験者として、理論家として、異なる分野の専門家と交流し見識を分かち合うための働きかけに努め、その長いキャリアの中で科学に対し恒常的な貢献をした。
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, Paul Alfred Weiss
, Вайс, Пауль Альфред
, ポール・ワイス
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