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Het pastoraal neolithicum (Engels: Pastora … Het pastoraal neolithicum (Engels: Pastoral Neolithic) verwijst naar de periode in de prehistorie van Afrika die het begin van de voedselproductie op het continent na de Later Stone Age markeerde. In tegenstelling tot het neolithicum in andere delen van de Oude Wereld, waar landbouwsamenlevingen ontstonden, bestond de vroegste vorm van Afrikaanse voedselproductie uit nomadische veeteelt en levenswijzen gericht op het hoeden van vee. De term wordt meestal gebruikt door archeologen om de vroege pastorale perioden in de Sahara en Oost-Afrika te beschrijven. In de Sahara kwamen in het 6e tot 5e millennium v.Chr. met het Tenerian de eerste veehoeders in het tijdens het Holoceen subpluviaal relatief vochtige gebied. Toen de graslanden van de Sahara halverwege het Holoceen begonnen uit te drogen, trokken deze herders naar de Nijlvallei en Oost-Afrika. Tijdens het pastoraal neolithicum in Oost-Afrika (2.500 v.Chr. - 800 n.Chr.) konden archeologen twee herdersgroepen identificeren die naast de jager-verzamelaars van het late Eburrian leefden. Deze staan bekend als het Savanne-pastoraal neolithicum en het Elmenteitan. Het pastoraal neolithicum in Oost-Afrika werd ongeveer tweeduizend jaar geleden gevolgd door de , waarin landbouw, ijzertechnologie en de Bantoetalen zich in de regio verspreidden.Bantoetalen zich in de regio verspreidden.
, Le Néolithique pastoral est la période de la préhistoire de l'Afrique caractérisée par les débuts de l'économie de production, sous la forme de l'élevage de bétail, à l'issue du Paléolithique.
, The Pastoral Neolithic (5000 BP - 1200 BP) … The Pastoral Neolithic (5000 BP - 1200 BP) refers to a period in Africa's prehistory, specifically Tanzania and Kenya, marking the beginning of food production, livestock domestication, and pottery use in the region following the Later Stone Age. The exact dates of this time period remain inexact, but early Pastoral Neolithic sites support the beginning of herding by 5000 BP. In contrast to the Neolithic in other parts of the world, which saw the development of farming societies, the first form of African food production was nomadic pastoralism, or ways of life centered on the herding and management of livestock. The shift from hunting to food production relied on livestock that had been domesticated outside of East Africa, especially North Africa. This period marks the emergence of the forms of pastoralism that are still present. The reliance on livestock herding marks the deviation from hunting-gathering but precedes major agricultural development. The exact movement tendencies of Neolithic pastoralists are not completely understood. The term "Pastoral Neolithic" is used most often by archaeologists to describe early pastoralist periods in eastern Africa (also known as the "East African Neolithic"). In the Sahara, hunter-gatherers first adopted livestock (e.g., cattle, sheep, goats) in the eighth to seventh millennia BP. As the grasslands of the Green Sahara began drying out in the mid-Holocene, herders then spread into the Nile Valley and eastern Africa. During the Pastoral Neolithic in eastern Africa (5000 BP - 1200 BP), archaeologists have identified two pastoralist groups who spread through southern Kenya and Northern Tanzania; they co-existed alongside Eburran phase 5 hunter-gatherers; these groups are known as the Savanna Pastoral Neolithic and the Elmenteitan. The Pastoral Neolithic in eastern Africa was followed by the Pastoral Iron Age approximately two thousand years ago, during which agriculture, iron technology, and Bantu speakers spread into the region.and Bantu speakers spread into the region.
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Le Néolithique pastoral est la période de la préhistoire de l'Afrique caractérisée par les débuts de l'économie de production, sous la forme de l'élevage de bétail, à l'issue du Paléolithique.
, The Pastoral Neolithic (5000 BP - 1200 BP) … The Pastoral Neolithic (5000 BP - 1200 BP) refers to a period in Africa's prehistory, specifically Tanzania and Kenya, marking the beginning of food production, livestock domestication, and pottery use in the region following the Later Stone Age. The exact dates of this time period remain inexact, but early Pastoral Neolithic sites support the beginning of herding by 5000 BP. In contrast to the Neolithic in other parts of the world, which saw the development of farming societies, the first form of African food production was nomadic pastoralism, or ways of life centered on the herding and management of livestock. The shift from hunting to food production relied on livestock that had been domesticated outside of East Africa, especially North Africa. This period marks the emergence of the fo This period marks the emergence of the fo
, Het pastoraal neolithicum (Engels: Pastora … Het pastoraal neolithicum (Engels: Pastoral Neolithic) verwijst naar de periode in de prehistorie van Afrika die het begin van de voedselproductie op het continent na de Later Stone Age markeerde. In tegenstelling tot het neolithicum in andere delen van de Oude Wereld, waar landbouwsamenlevingen ontstonden, bestond de vroegste vorm van Afrikaanse voedselproductie uit nomadische veeteelt en levenswijzen gericht op het hoeden van vee.evenswijzen gericht op het hoeden van vee.
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Pastoral Neolithic
, Pastoraal neolithicum
, Néolithique pastoral
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