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http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract Německá okupace Paříže představuje období Německá okupace Paříže představuje období od 14. června 1940 (příchod německých vojsk) do 25. srpna 1944 (převzetí kontroly nad městem 2. obrněnou divizí a podepsání kapitulace), kdy bylo město Paříž pod správou Třetí říše. Toto období je charakteristické diktaturou okupantů vůči obyvatelstvu a také materiálním nedostatkem způsobeným druhou světovou válkou.statkem způsobeným druhou světovou válkou. , Paris started mobilizing for war in SeptemParis started mobilizing for war in September 1939, when Nazi Germany and the Soviet Unionattacked Poland, but the war seemed far away until May 10, 1940, when the Germans attacked France and quickly defeated the French army. The French government departed Paris on June 10, and the Germans occupied the city on June 14. During the Occupation, the French Government moved to Vichy, and Paris was governed by the German military and by French officials approved by the Germans. For Parisians, the Occupation was a series of frustrations, shortages and humiliations. A curfew was in effect from nine in the evening until five in the morning; at night, the city went dark. Rationing of food, tobacco, coal and clothing was imposed from September 1940. Every year the supplies grew more scarce and the prices higher. A million Parisians left the city for the provinces, where there was more food and fewer Germans. The French press and radio contained only German propaganda. Jews in Paris were forced to wear the yellow Star of David badge, and were barred from certain professions and public places. On 16–17 July 1942, 13,152 Jews, including 4,115 children, were rounded up by the French police, on orders of the Germans, and were sent to the Auschwitz concentration camp. The first demonstration against the Occupation, by Paris students, took place on 11 November 1940. As the war continued, anti-German clandestine groups and networks were created, some loyal to the French Communist Party, others to General Charles de Gaulle in London. They wrote slogans on walls, organized an underground press, and sometimes attacked German officers. Reprisals by the Germans were swift and harsh. Following the Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944, the French Resistance in Paris launched an uprising on August 19, seizing the police headquarters and other government buildings. The city was liberated by French and American troops on August 25; the next day, General de Gaulle led a triumphant parade down the Champs-Élysées on August 26, and organized a new government. In the following months, ten thousand Parisians who had collaborated with the Germans were arrested and tried, eight thousand convicted, and 116 executed. On 29 April and 13 May 1945, the first post-war municipal elections were held, in which French women voted for the first time.ich French women voted for the first time. , Paris subit l'occupation allemande entre lParis subit l'occupation allemande entre le 14 juin 1940 (arrivée des troupes allemandes) et le 24 août 1944 (entrée de la 2e DB). Cette occupation se caractérise par la pénurie, la dictature de l'occupant et les rafles de Juifs, comme celle du Vél’ d’Hiv’.fles de Juifs, comme celle du Vél’ d’Hiv’. , بدأت باريس في تجهيز نفسها للحرب في سبتمبر بدأت باريس في تجهيز نفسها للحرب في سبتمبر 1939، عندما هاجمت ألمانيا النازية بولندا، ولكن الحرب بدت بعيدة حتى العاشر من مايو 1940، عندما هاجم الألمان فرنسا وهزموا الجيش الفرنسي بسرعة. وغادرت الحكومة الفرنسية باريس في العاشر من يونيو، واحتل الألمان المدينة في الرابع عشر من ذات الشهر. وأثناء الاحتلال، انتقلت الحكومة الفرنسية إلى فيشي، وكانت باريس خاضعة لحكم المؤسسة العسكرية الألمانية والمسؤولين الفرنسيين الذين وافق عليهم الألمان. كان الاحتلال بالنسبة للشعب الباريسي سلسلةً من الإحباطات والنقص والإذلال. وكان حظر التجول ساريًا من التاسعة مساءً إلى الخامسة صباحًا؛ وأصبحت المدينة مظلمة ليلًا. وفي سبتمبر 1940، فُرض تقنينٌ للغذاء والتبغ والفحم والملابس. وكان المعروض في كل عام يزداد ندرةً والأسعار في ارتفاع. غادر مليون باريسي المدينة إلى المقاطعات حيث كان هناك المزيد من الطعام وعدد أقل من الألمان. ولم تشتمل الصحافة الفرنسية والإذاعة إلا على الدعاية الألمانية. أُجبر اليهود في باريس إلى ارتداء شارة نجمة داوود الصفراء، ومنعوا من مزاولة مهن معينة ومن التواجد في الأماكن العامة. وفي الفترة من 16 إلى 17 يوليو 1942، قامت الشرطة الفرنسية باعتقال 13152 يهوديًّا، من بينهم 4115 طفلًا و 5919 امرأة بناء على أوامر من الألمان، وأرسلوا إلى معسكر الاعتقال في أوشفيتز. حدثت أول مظاهرة ضد الاحتلال قام بها طلاب باريس في 11 نوفمبر 1940. ومع استمرار الحرب، تم إنشاء جماعات وشبكات سرية مناهضة لألمانيا، بعضها موالٍ للحزب الشيوعي الفرنسي، وبعضها الآخر للجنرال شارل ديغول في لندن. وكتبوا شعارات على الجدران، ونظموا صحافة سريّة، وهاجموا الضباطِ الألمان في بعض الأحيان. وكانت الأعمال الانتقامية التي نفذها الألمان سريعة وقاسية. وفي أعقاب غزو الحلفاء لنورماندي في السادس من يونيو 1944، بدأت المقاومة الفرنسية في باريس انتفاضة في التاسع عشر من أغسطس 1944، فاستولت على مقر الشرطة ومبانٍ حكوميّة أُخرى. وفي 29 أبريل و 13 مايو 1945، أُجريت أول انتخاباتٍ بلدية بعد الحرب، صوتت فيها المرأة الفرنسية لأول مرة.الحرب، صوتت فيها المرأة الفرنسية لأول مرة.
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rdfs:comment Paris subit l'occupation allemande entre lParis subit l'occupation allemande entre le 14 juin 1940 (arrivée des troupes allemandes) et le 24 août 1944 (entrée de la 2e DB). Cette occupation se caractérise par la pénurie, la dictature de l'occupant et les rafles de Juifs, comme celle du Vél’ d’Hiv’.fles de Juifs, comme celle du Vél’ d’Hiv’. , بدأت باريس في تجهيز نفسها للحرب في سبتمبر بدأت باريس في تجهيز نفسها للحرب في سبتمبر 1939، عندما هاجمت ألمانيا النازية بولندا، ولكن الحرب بدت بعيدة حتى العاشر من مايو 1940، عندما هاجم الألمان فرنسا وهزموا الجيش الفرنسي بسرعة. وغادرت الحكومة الفرنسية باريس في العاشر من يونيو، واحتل الألمان المدينة في الرابع عشر من ذات الشهر. وأثناء الاحتلال، انتقلت الحكومة الفرنسية إلى فيشي، وكانت باريس خاضعة لحكم المؤسسة العسكرية الألمانية والمسؤولين الفرنسيين الذين وافق عليهم الألمان.سؤولين الفرنسيين الذين وافق عليهم الألمان. , Paris started mobilizing for war in SeptemParis started mobilizing for war in September 1939, when Nazi Germany and the Soviet Unionattacked Poland, but the war seemed far away until May 10, 1940, when the Germans attacked France and quickly defeated the French army. The French government departed Paris on June 10, and the Germans occupied the city on June 14. During the Occupation, the French Government moved to Vichy, and Paris was governed by the German military and by French officials approved by the Germans. For Parisians, the Occupation was a series of frustrations, shortages and humiliations. A curfew was in effect from nine in the evening until five in the morning; at night, the city went dark. Rationing of food, tobacco, coal and clothing was imposed from September 1940. Every year the supplies grew more scarce and the prr the supplies grew more scarce and the pr , Německá okupace Paříže představuje období Německá okupace Paříže představuje období od 14. června 1940 (příchod německých vojsk) do 25. srpna 1944 (převzetí kontroly nad městem 2. obrněnou divizí a podepsání kapitulace), kdy bylo město Paříž pod správou Třetí říše. Toto období je charakteristické diktaturou okupantů vůči obyvatelstvu a také materiálním nedostatkem způsobeným druhou světovou válkou.statkem způsobeným druhou světovou válkou.
rdfs:label Německá okupace Paříže , Paris in World War II , Paris sous l'occupation allemande , باريس في الحرب العالمية الثانية
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