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Une attaque nucléaire évitée de justesse ( … Une attaque nucléaire évitée de justesse (ou in extremis) est un incident qui pourrait conduire — ou aurait pu conduire — à au moins une explosion ou attaque nucléaire involontaire. Ce type d'incidents implique généralement la perception d'une menace imminente provenant d'un pays possédant l'arme nucléaire, ce qui pourrait conduire à des frappes de représailles à l'encontre de l'agresseur supposé. Les dommages causés par un « échange » nucléaire global ne sont pas nécessairement limités aux belligérants, puisque l'hypothèse d'un brusque changement climatique, même relatif à une guerre nucléaire réduite à l'échelle régionale, pourrait menacer la production alimentaire dans le monde entier ; ce scénario est connu sous le nom de famine nucléaire. Malgré un apaisement des tensions liées à l'arme atomique après la fin de la guerre froide, les réserves d'ogives nucléaires sont estimées à environ 14 000 dans le monde en 2019 ; les États-Unis et la Russie détiennent 90 % du total. Bien qu'il soit difficile de trouver les détails exacts sur de nombreuses explosions ou attaques nucléaires évitées in extremis, l'analyse de plusieurs cas particuliers a permis de mettre en évidence l'importance de multiples facteurs dans la prévention de ces accidents. Au niveau international, cela comprend l'importance du contexte et de la médiation extérieure ; au niveau national, l'efficacité dans les communications du gouvernement et de l'implication des décideurs clés et au niveau de l'individu, le rôle décisif de personnes qui suivent leur intuition et leur capacité à prendre des décisions prudentes, souvent en transgressant le protocole.es, souvent en transgressant le protocole.
, Случаи ложного срабатывания систем предупр … Случаи ложного срабатывания систем предупреждения о ракетном нападении регулярно имели место в период холодной войны. Некоторые из них впоследствии, после обнародования ранее секретных данных, стали предметом газетных сенсаций, но абсолютное большинство (десятки тысяч) ранее не предававшихся огласке случаев по мере рассекречивания не стали объектом пристального интереса со стороны прессы. Некоторые современные историки склонны рассматривать данные ситуации как критические для существования человеческой цивилизации, поскольку мир, по их мнению, находился на пороге глобальной ядерной войны. Специалисты по вопросам ПРО не склонны переоценивать роль и значение указанных ситуаций на ход мировой истории.указанных ситуаций на ход мировой истории.
, A nuclear close call is an incident that m … A nuclear close call is an incident that might have led to at least one unintended nuclear detonation or explosion, but did not. These incidents typically involve a perceived imminent threat to a nuclear-armed country which could lead to retaliatory strikes against the perceived aggressor. The damage caused by international nuclear exchange is not necessarily limited to the participating countries, as the hypothesized rapid climate change associated with even small-scale regional nuclear war could threaten food production worldwide—a scenario known as nuclear famine. Despite a reduction in global nuclear tensions and major nuclear arms reductions after the end of the Cold War (in 1992), estimated nuclear warhead stockpiles total roughly 15,000 worldwide, with the United States and Russia holding 90% of the total. Though exact details on many nuclear close calls are hard to come by, the analysis of particular cases has highlighted the importance of a variety of factors in preventing accidents. At an international level, this includes the importance of context and outside mediation; at the national level, effectiveness in government communications, and involvement of key decision-makers; and, at the individual level, the decisive role of individuals in following intuition and prudent decision-making, often in violation of protocol.on-making, often in violation of protocol.
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https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200807-the-nuclear-mistakes-that-could-have-ended-civilisation +
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October 2022
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US President Biden seems to think that the … US President Biden seems to think that the current risk of Armageddon is higher than at any time since the 1962 Cuba Missile Crisis, and thus much higher than during most of the Cold War, and there have been several other worrying post Cold War crises, while there were also many periods of reduced tensions during the Cold War, so our current wording seems somewhat misleading.current wording seems somewhat misleading.
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A nuclear close call is an incident that m … A nuclear close call is an incident that might have led to at least one unintended nuclear detonation or explosion, but did not. These incidents typically involve a perceived imminent threat to a nuclear-armed country which could lead to retaliatory strikes against the perceived aggressor. The damage caused by international nuclear exchange is not necessarily limited to the participating countries, as the hypothesized rapid climate change associated with even small-scale regional nuclear war could threaten food production worldwide—a scenario known as nuclear famine.ldwide—a scenario known as nuclear famine.
, Случаи ложного срабатывания систем предупр … Случаи ложного срабатывания систем предупреждения о ракетном нападении регулярно имели место в период холодной войны. Некоторые из них впоследствии, после обнародования ранее секретных данных, стали предметом газетных сенсаций, но абсолютное большинство (десятки тысяч) ранее не предававшихся огласке случаев по мере рассекречивания не стали объектом пристального интереса со стороны прессы. Некоторые современные историки склонны рассматривать данные ситуации как критические для существования человеческой цивилизации, поскольку мир, по их мнению, находился на пороге глобальной ядерной войны. Специалисты по вопросам ПРО не склонны переоценивать роль и значение указанных ситуаций на ход мировой истории.указанных ситуаций на ход мировой истории.
, Une attaque nucléaire évitée de justesse ( … Une attaque nucléaire évitée de justesse (ou in extremis) est un incident qui pourrait conduire — ou aurait pu conduire — à au moins une explosion ou attaque nucléaire involontaire. Ce type d'incidents implique généralement la perception d'une menace imminente provenant d'un pays possédant l'arme nucléaire, ce qui pourrait conduire à des frappes de représailles à l'encontre de l'agresseur supposé.illes à l'encontre de l'agresseur supposé.
|
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Attaque nucléaire évitée de justesse
, List of nuclear close calls
, Случаи ложного срабатывания систем предупреждения о ракетном нападении
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http://dbpedia.org/resource/1961_Goldsboro_B-52_crash +
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