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何塞·帕西亞諾·勞雷爾（José Paciano Laurel，1891年3月9日－ … 何塞·帕西亞諾·勞雷爾（José Paciano Laurel，1891年3月9日－1959年11月9日），菲律賓的政治家，菲律賓的第三任總統，是日本扶植的菲律賓第二共和國總統。 勞雷爾出生於富有的政治家家庭，1915年畢業於菲律賓大學法律系；1923年擔任美屬菲律賓的內政部長。之後擔任過參議院議員、制憲會議代表、最高法院法官與司法部長等職。 第二次世界大戰爆發後日本攻佔菲律賓，勞雷爾與日本合作並出任行政委員會委員；後出任獨立準備委員會的委員長負責起草憲法，在1943年的選舉中當選菲律賓第二共和總統。戰爭期間，勞雷爾曾兩度被游擊隊襲擊。日本戰敗前，勞雷爾在山下奉文的命令下於1945年3月離開菲律賓，逃往台灣。在台灣，勞雷爾只能吃福神漬配飯這樣的窮酸食物。之後流亡日本奈良奈良飯店。1945年8月15日日本投降後，勞雷爾宣佈解散菲律賓共和國政府，不久被麥克阿瑟的佔領當局逮捕，收監於巢鴨監獄。 1946年7月勞雷爾回到菲律賓，當時的總統曼努埃爾·羅哈斯於1948年赦免其叛亂罪。 1949年再度代表菲律賓國民黨競選總統，敗於埃爾皮迪奧·基里諾。1951年勞雷爾以全國第一高票當選參議院議員。1953年他支持拉蒙·麥格塞塞當選總統。1954年勞雷爾以經濟使節團名義訪美。1957年退出政壇，1959年逝世。 其子薩爾瓦多·勞雷爾曾任菲律賓副總統（1986-1992）。政壇，1959年逝世。 其子薩爾瓦多·勞雷爾曾任菲律賓副總統（1986-1992）。
, José Paciano Laurel y García, (9 de março … José Paciano Laurel y García, (9 de março de 1891 - 6 de novembro de 1959) foi o presidente da Segunda República das Filipinas, um estado fantoche japonês ocupado durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, de 1943 a 1945. Somente durante o governo do presidente Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965), Laurel seria reconhecido como presidente legítimo das Filipinas.do como presidente legítimo das Filipinas.
, José Paciano Laurel y García (Tanauan, 9 d … José Paciano Laurel y García (Tanauan, 9 de marzo de 1891 - Manila, 6 de noviembre de 1959) fue presidente de la República de Filipinas, promovido por Japón, durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, de 1943 a 1945. No fue reconocido como presidente legítimo sino hasta la presidencia de Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965).idencia de Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965).
, Хосе Пасиано Лаурель-и-Гарсия (исп. José P … Хосе Пасиано Лаурель-и-Гарсия (исп. José Paciano Laurel y García, 9 ноября 1891 — 6 ноября 1959) — филиппинский политик, президент так называемой Второй Филиппинской Республики, марионеточного государства, созданного Японией во время Второй мировой войны. Тем не менее, на современных Филиппинах признаётся третьим президентом страны.нах признаётся третьим президентом страны.
, José Paciano Laurel y García (9 Maret 1891 … José Paciano Laurel y García (9 Maret 1891 – 6 November 1959) adalah Presiden Filipina yang ke-3. Ia adalah presiden dari Republik Filipina Kedua, sebuah negara boneka bentukan Jepang ketika diduduki selama Perang Dunia II, dari 1943 hingga 1945. Pada pemerintahan Presiden Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965), ia diakui sebagai presiden sah Filipina., ia diakui sebagai presiden sah Filipina.
, 호세 라우렐(José Paciano Laurel 1891년 3월 9일 ~ 1959년 11월 6일)은 필리핀의 제3대 대통령이다. 그는 제2차 세계대전 당시 일본군이 필리핀을 침공하여 군정을 실시할 때 내세운 필리핀 제2공화국에서 대통령으로 내세워졌다. 코라손 아키노 정부의 부통령 겸 총리 직책을 지낸 살바도르 라우렐의 아버지이기도 하다.
, José Paciano Laurel (Tanauan, 9 maart 1891 … José Paciano Laurel (Tanauan, 9 maart 1891 - 6 november 1959) was de president van de Tweede Filipijnse Republiek van 1943 tot 1945 tijdens de Japanse bezetting. Laurel werd pas tijdens de bewindsperiode van president Macapagal officieel erkend als voormalig Filipijns president. Laurel werd geboren in Tanauan (Batangas) op 9 maart 1891. Zijn ouders waren en Jacoba Garcia. Hij studeerde rechten aan zowel de University of the Philippines als aan Yale. In 1925 werd hij in de Filipijnse Senaat gekozen en in 1936 in de Filipijnse Hoge Raad. Na de bezetting van de Filipijnen door de Japanners werd hij, mede als gevolg van zijn kritische uitlatingen met betrekking tot de Amerikaanse overheersing van zijn land, van 1942 tot 1943 in een aantal hoge posten benoemd. In 1943 werd Laurel dan door de Japanners tot president uitgeroepen. Tweemaal werd een aanslag gepleegd op zijn leven, maar beide keren overleefde hij dit. Toen de Japanse bezetting op het punt van instorten stond, werd Laurel naar Japan overgebracht. Hier werd hij in opdracht van generaal Douglas MacArthur gearresteerd waarna hij in juli 1946 werd berecht en schuldig bevonden. Zijn vonnis werd echter nooit uitgevoerd en in april 1948 werd hem amnestie verleend. In 1948 werd hij tijdens de verkiezingen voor het presidentschap als kandidaat voor de Partido Nacionalista maar nipt verslagen door Elpidio Quirino, de kandidaat voor de Partido Liberal. In 1951 werd Laurel weer in de Filipijnse Senaat gekozen. Hij haalde Ramon Magsaysay, de toenmalige minister van defensie, over om de Partido Liberal te verlaten en zich aan te sluiten bij de Partido Nacionalista. Magsaysay werd daarna in 1953 verkozen tot opvolger van Quirino. Laurel overleed in 1959 op 68-jarige leeftijd. Hij was getrouwd met Paciencia Hidalgo en kreeg met haar negen kinderen. Enkele van hen werden ook politici. Zijn oudste zoon was voorzitter van het Filipijns Huis van Afgevaardigden. Zijn zonen en Salvador Laurel waren net als hun vader senator. Salvador was van 1986 tot 1992 bovendien vicepresident van de Filipijnen onder Corazon Aquino. Zijn jongste zoon Arsenio Laurel was autocoureur en de eerste tweevoudige winnaar van de Grand Prix van Macauoudige winnaar van de Grand Prix van Macau
, José Paciano Laurel y García (Tanauan, 9 d … José Paciano Laurel y García (Tanauan, 9 de març de 1891 - Manila, 6 de novembre de 1959) va ser president de la República de les Filipines, promogut per Japó, durant la Segona Guerra Mundial, de 1943 a 1945. No va ser reconegut com a president legítim fins a la presidència de Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965).idència de Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965).
, خوسي لوريل (9 مارس 1891 - 6 نوفمبر 1959 في مانيلا) كان سياسياً ورئيساً للفلبين.
, José Paciano Laurel y García (* 9. März 1891 in Tanauan in der Provinz Batangas; † 6. November 1959 in Manila) war ein philippinischer Politiker und Präsident der Philippinen.
, José Paciano Laurel y García CCLH, KGCR (S … José Paciano Laurel y García CCLH, KGCR (Spanish: [xoˈse lauˈɾel]; March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was a Filipino politician, lawyer, and judge, who served as the president of the Japanese-occupied Second Philippine Republic, a puppet state during World War II, from 1943 to 1945. Since the administration of President Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965), Laurel has been officially recognized by later administrations as a former president of the Philippines. as a former president of the Philippines.
, ホセ・パシアノ・ラウレル・イ・ガルシア（英: José Paciano Laurel y García、1891年3月9日 - 1959年11月6日）は、フィリピンの政治家、第3代大統領。当時は第二次共和国で、日本軍政下であった。コラソン・アキノ政権で副大統領を務めたは三男。
, Jose P. Laurel, all'anagrafe Jose Paciano Laurel (Tanauan, 9 marzo 1891 – Tanauan, 6 novembre 1959), è stato un politico filippino.
, José Paciano Laurel y García (6-a de marto … José Paciano Laurel y García (6-a de marto 1891 - 9-a de novembro 1959) estis filipina advokato kaj politikisto, kaj iĝis 3-a prezidento de la Dua Filipina Respubliko. Fakte ĝi estis marioneta ŝtato dum la japana okupado dum la Dua Mondmilito (1943 al 1945). Ekde la regado fare de la Prezidento (1961–1965), Laurel estis agnsoskita kiel legitima prezidento de Filipinoj.ita kiel legitima prezidento de Filipinoj.
, José Paciano Laurel y García, né le 9 mars 1891 à Tanauan City, mort le 6 novembre 1959, était un homme d'État philippin. Il fut le chef du régime collaborateur philippin durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
, José Paciano Laurel y García (ur. 9 marca 1891 w Tanauan, zm. 6 listopada 1959 w Manili) – filipiński prawnik, publicysta, pisarz i działacz polityczny, prezydent Filipin podczas II wojny światowej.
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As the Head of the Republic of Philippines … As the Head of the Republic of Philippines,' I take liberty of voicing to Your Holiness the desire and sentiments of eighteen million Filipinos, the majority of whom are ardent Catholics, with respect to the matter which vitally affects the administration of the Catholic Church in Philippines, and which may have far reaching effects on their religious faith. I refer to Filipinization of the Catholic hierarchy and clergy in Philippines.
Your Holiness will remember that the movement for Filipinization of the clergy furnished one of the prime motivations of our revolution against Spain; that with overthrow of Spanish sovereignty only 250 out of 17,000 Spanish friars assigned to Philippines in 1898 were retained; that pursuant to the policy announced by the Holy See, Spanish bishops were replaced by American Catholic bishops; that during the American regime more missionaries of different nationalities came to the country; and that at present we have five Bishops and two Apostolic Prefects of foreign nationalities, while in certain provinces, such as Surigao, Agusan, Antique, Misamis Oriental, Mindoro, Bukidnon, Davao, Cotabato, Palawan and Mountain Province, parishes are still under the charge of foreign friars and missionaries. Now that the independence of Philippines has been finally achieved, the Republic of Philippines, though it fundamentally recognizes the separation of Church and State, can no longer remain indifferent to a long-felt need to Filipinize the local Catholic hierarchy and clergy.
In advocating this reform, the Filipino people are not moved by any spirit of animosity or hostility against any race or nationality, but they are inspired solely by the desire to win a just recognition for the Filipino race in their own country and to secure a vindication of capacity of Filipinos to manage their own affairs, temporal or spiritual. The projected measure can be achieved without in the least prejudicing interests, or sacrificing the creed or doctrines of the Roman Catholic Church. Without in any way presuming to invade an ecclesiastical jurisdiction in Philippines, it is my honest belief that the spread of Catholicism among our non-Christian brethren and consequently increase of its followers in this country. This, in my opinion, is in consonance with the desire of His Holiness Pope Pius XI when he said:
«From the fact that the Roman Pontiff has entrusted to you and to your helpers a task of preaching Christian religion to pagan nations, you ought not to conclude that the role of native clergy is solely that of assisting missionaries in minor matters and in some sort of completing their work».
What is the object of these holy missions, we ask, except that the Church of Christ may be instituted and established in those boundless regions? And from what shall the Church be built up today among heathens, except from those elements out of which it was built up among us that is unless it is composed of people, clergy and religious men and women recruited from their own country? Why should native clergy be prevented from cultivating their country which is their own native soil that is, from governing their own people? In propagation of Faith, a Filipino priest, by reason of his birth and temper, his sentiments and interests, is in far better position to carry on his mission than a stranger. As a matter of fact, he would know better than any foreigner the best method of approach to his own people and thus he would often have access where an alien priest could never gain an entrance. Moreover foreign missionaries, on account of their imperfect knowledge of Filipino language, are frequently prevented from expressing themselves fully and having themselves clearly understood, as a result of which, force and efficacy of their teachings are greatly weakened. It will also be a source of genuine satisfaction and lasting inspiration for Filipino people to see a Filipino at the head of the Catholic Church in Philippines, a Filipino priest in every parish and a Filipino missionary in every remote corner of the country. Certainly, it will foster development of national clergy of superior stamp and it will serve as an ideal incentive for Filipino clergy to work to the highest degree of perfection
and the same time to encourage vocations to religious and sacerdotal life.
In view of foregoing considerations, I beg to convey and reiterate the desire and request of my people that it is, as it has always been, their cherished hope that after more than four centuries of Catholicism in Philippines, Your Holiness will see the wisdom of principle invoked and grant their petition for complete Filipinization of Catholic hierarchy and clergy in their own country.hierarchy and clergy in their own country.
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호세 라우렐(José Paciano Laurel 1891년 3월 9일 ~ 1959년 11월 6일)은 필리핀의 제3대 대통령이다. 그는 제2차 세계대전 당시 일본군이 필리핀을 침공하여 군정을 실시할 때 내세운 필리핀 제2공화국에서 대통령으로 내세워졌다. 코라손 아키노 정부의 부통령 겸 총리 직책을 지낸 살바도르 라우렐의 아버지이기도 하다.
, خوسي لوريل (9 مارس 1891 - 6 نوفمبر 1959 في مانيلا) كان سياسياً ورئيساً للفلبين.
, José Paciano Laurel y García (Tanauan, 9 d … José Paciano Laurel y García (Tanauan, 9 de marzo de 1891 - Manila, 6 de noviembre de 1959) fue presidente de la República de Filipinas, promovido por Japón, durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, de 1943 a 1945. No fue reconocido como presidente legítimo sino hasta la presidencia de Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965).idencia de Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965).
, José Paciano Laurel y García, né le 9 mars 1891 à Tanauan City, mort le 6 novembre 1959, était un homme d'État philippin. Il fut le chef du régime collaborateur philippin durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale.
, Хосе Пасиано Лаурель-и-Гарсия (исп. José P … Хосе Пасиано Лаурель-и-Гарсия (исп. José Paciano Laurel y García, 9 ноября 1891 — 6 ноября 1959) — филиппинский политик, президент так называемой Второй Филиппинской Республики, марионеточного государства, созданного Японией во время Второй мировой войны. Тем не менее, на современных Филиппинах признаётся третьим президентом страны.нах признаётся третьим президентом страны.
, José Paciano Laurel y García (Tanauan, 9 d … José Paciano Laurel y García (Tanauan, 9 de març de 1891 - Manila, 6 de novembre de 1959) va ser president de la República de les Filipines, promogut per Japó, durant la Segona Guerra Mundial, de 1943 a 1945. No va ser reconegut com a president legítim fins a la presidència de Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965).idència de Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965).
, ホセ・パシアノ・ラウレル・イ・ガルシア（英: José Paciano Laurel y García、1891年3月9日 - 1959年11月6日）は、フィリピンの政治家、第3代大統領。当時は第二次共和国で、日本軍政下であった。コラソン・アキノ政権で副大統領を務めたは三男。
, José Paciano Laurel y García (6-a de marto … José Paciano Laurel y García (6-a de marto 1891 - 9-a de novembro 1959) estis filipina advokato kaj politikisto, kaj iĝis 3-a prezidento de la Dua Filipina Respubliko. Fakte ĝi estis marioneta ŝtato dum la japana okupado dum la Dua Mondmilito (1943 al 1945). Ekde la regado fare de la Prezidento (1961–1965), Laurel estis agnsoskita kiel legitima prezidento de Filipinoj.ita kiel legitima prezidento de Filipinoj.
, José Paciano Laurel y García (9 Maret 1891 … José Paciano Laurel y García (9 Maret 1891 – 6 November 1959) adalah Presiden Filipina yang ke-3. Ia adalah presiden dari Republik Filipina Kedua, sebuah negara boneka bentukan Jepang ketika diduduki selama Perang Dunia II, dari 1943 hingga 1945. Pada pemerintahan Presiden Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965), ia diakui sebagai presiden sah Filipina., ia diakui sebagai presiden sah Filipina.
, José Paciano Laurel (Tanauan, 9 maart 1891 … José Paciano Laurel (Tanauan, 9 maart 1891 - 6 november 1959) was de president van de Tweede Filipijnse Republiek van 1943 tot 1945 tijdens de Japanse bezetting. Laurel werd pas tijdens de bewindsperiode van president Macapagal officieel erkend als voormalig Filipijns president. Laurel werd geboren in Tanauan (Batangas) op 9 maart 1891. Zijn ouders waren en Jacoba Garcia. Hij studeerde rechten aan zowel de University of the Philippines als aan Yale. In 1925 werd hij in de Filipijnse Senaat gekozen en in 1936 in de Filipijnse Hoge Raad.zen en in 1936 in de Filipijnse Hoge Raad.
, Jose P. Laurel, all'anagrafe Jose Paciano Laurel (Tanauan, 9 marzo 1891 – Tanauan, 6 novembre 1959), è stato un politico filippino.
, José Paciano Laurel y García, (9 de março … José Paciano Laurel y García, (9 de março de 1891 - 6 de novembro de 1959) foi o presidente da Segunda República das Filipinas, um estado fantoche japonês ocupado durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, de 1943 a 1945. Somente durante o governo do presidente Diosdado Macapagal (1961-1965), Laurel seria reconhecido como presidente legítimo das Filipinas.do como presidente legítimo das Filipinas.
, 何塞·帕西亞諾·勞雷爾（José Paciano Laurel，1891年3月9日－ … 何塞·帕西亞諾·勞雷爾（José Paciano Laurel，1891年3月9日－1959年11月9日），菲律賓的政治家，菲律賓的第三任總統，是日本扶植的菲律賓第二共和國總統。 勞雷爾出生於富有的政治家家庭，1915年畢業於菲律賓大學法律系；1923年擔任美屬菲律賓的內政部長。之後擔任過參議院議員、制憲會議代表、最高法院法官與司法部長等職。 第二次世界大戰爆發後日本攻佔菲律賓，勞雷爾與日本合作並出任行政委員會委員；後出任獨立準備委員會的委員長負責起草憲法，在1943年的選舉中當選菲律賓第二共和總統。戰爭期間，勞雷爾曾兩度被游擊隊襲擊。日本戰敗前，勞雷爾在山下奉文的命令下於1945年3月離開菲律賓，逃往台灣。在台灣，勞雷爾只能吃福神漬配飯這樣的窮酸食物。之後流亡日本奈良奈良飯店。1945年8月15日日本投降後，勞雷爾宣佈解散菲律賓共和國政府，不久被麥克阿瑟的佔領當局逮捕，收監於巢鴨監獄。 1946年7月勞雷爾回到菲律賓，當時的總統曼努埃爾·羅哈斯於1948年赦免其叛亂罪。 1949年再度代表菲律賓國民黨競選總統，敗於埃爾皮迪奧·基里諾。1951年勞雷爾以全國第一高票當選參議院議員。1953年他支持拉蒙·麥格塞塞當選總統。1954年勞雷爾以經濟使節團名義訪美。1957年退出政壇，1959年逝世。 其子薩爾瓦多·勞雷爾曾任菲律賓副總統（1986-1992）。政壇，1959年逝世。 其子薩爾瓦多·勞雷爾曾任菲律賓副總統（1986-1992）。
, José Paciano Laurel y García (* 9. März 1891 in Tanauan in der Provinz Batangas; † 6. November 1959 in Manila) war ein philippinischer Politiker und Präsident der Philippinen.
, José Paciano Laurel y García (ur. 9 marca 1891 w Tanauan, zm. 6 listopada 1959 w Manili) – filipiński prawnik, publicysta, pisarz i działacz polityczny, prezydent Filipin podczas II wojny światowej.
, José Paciano Laurel y García CCLH, KGCR (S … José Paciano Laurel y García CCLH, KGCR (Spanish: [xoˈse lauˈɾel]; March 9, 1891 – November 6, 1959) was a Filipino politician, lawyer, and judge, who served as the president of the Japanese-occupied Second Philippine Republic, a puppet state during World War II, from 1943 to 1945. Since the administration of President Diosdado Macapagal (1961–1965), Laurel has been officially recognized by later administrations as a former president of the Philippines. as a former president of the Philippines.
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| rdfs:label |
何塞·帕西亞諾·勞雷爾
, José P. Laurel
, خوسي لوريل
, Лаурель, Хосе
, Jose P. Laurel
, José Laurel
, 호세 라우렐
, José Paciano Laurel
, ホセ・ラウレル
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