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John Kennedy Toole (Nova Orleans, Luisiana … John Kennedy Toole (Nova Orleans, Luisiana, 17 de desembre de 1937 - Biloxi, Mississipí, 26 de març de 1969) fou un novel·lista estatunidenc nascut a Nova Orleans, Louisiana, conegut sobretot per la seva novel·la Una conxorxa d'enzes, guanyadora del Premi Pulitzer. Les novel·les de Toole no es van publicar en vida de l'autor. Alguns anys després de la seva mort, la seva mare Thelma Toole va presentar el manuscrit d'Una conxorxa d'enzes i va aconseguir que es publiqués. L'any 1981 Toole va guanyar el Premi Pulitzer pòstumament. va guanyar el Premi Pulitzer pòstumament.
, 約翰·甘迺迪·涂爾（John Kennedy Toole），（1937年12月17日－1969年3月26日），美國小說家，生於路易斯安那州新奧爾良，其死後出版的小說贏得了普利茲小說獎。他還寫了《》。雖然文學界認為他的寫作技巧值得稱道的，但約翰·甘迺迪·涂爾的小說被大眾所拒絕。約翰·甘迺迪·涂爾患有偏執和抑鬱症後，31歲時自殺身亡。
, Джон Кеннеди Тул (англ. John Kennedy Toole … Джон Кеннеди Тул (англ. John Kennedy Toole, 17 декабря 1937, Новый Орлеан, — 26 марта 1969, Билокси) — американский писатель, известный своим плутовским романом « (англ. A Confederacy of Dunces)», за который посмертно удостоился Пулитцеровской премии. «Сговор», написанный в начале 1960-х, был единственным литературным трудом, который Тул пытался издать; неудача способствовала ухудшению его состояния и через несколько лет писатель покончил с собой.з несколько лет писатель покончил с собой.
, John Kennedy Toole est un écrivain américa … John Kennedy Toole est un écrivain américain, né le 17 décembre 1937 à La Nouvelle-Orléans (Louisiane) et mort le 26 mars 1969 à Biloxi (Mississippi). Son œuvre principale, La Conjuration des imbéciles, est un roman picaresque situé dans différents quartiers de sa ville natale. Il met en scène les aventures rocambolesques d'Ignatius J. Reilly, personnage excentrique, obèse, misanthrope, paresseux et philosophe, contempteur virulent de la société américaine des années 1960 dont il rejette toutes les valeurs et les obsessions. Refusé par plusieurs éditeurs, le roman ne fut publié qu'en 1980, une décennie après le suicide de l'écrivain, en proie à des troubles dépressifs et un sentiment d'échec littéraire. Il s'est vu attribuer le Prix Pulitzer l'année suivante, à titre posthume.litzer l'année suivante, à titre posthume.
, John Kennedy Toole (Nueva Orleans, Luisian … John Kennedy Toole (Nueva Orleans, Luisiana, 17 de diciembre de 1937-Biloxi, Misisipi, 26 de marzo de 1969) fue un novelista estadounidense, autor de La conjura de los necios (publicada póstumamente en 1980), obra ganadora del Premio Pulitzer de ficción en 1981. El autor se suicidó en 1969 a los 31 años tras no conseguir publicar esta novela, que fue editada con enorme éxito once años después por una editorial universitaria, Louisiana State University Press, gracias a la insistencia de la madre del autor, Thelma Toole (1901-1984).adre del autor, Thelma Toole (1901-1984).
, John Kennedy Toole ( /ˈtuːl/; 17 de dezemb … John Kennedy Toole ( /ˈtuːl/; 17 de dezembro de 1937 — 26 de março de 1969) foi um romancista americano de Nova Orleães, Luisiana, cujo romance publicado postumamente, A Confederacy of Dunces, ganhou o Prêmio Pulitzer de Ficção. Ele também escreveu . Embora várias pessoas no mundo literário sentissem que suas habilidades de escrita eram louváveis, os romances de Toole foram rejeitados durante sua vida. Depois de sofrer de paranoia e depressão devido em parte a esses fracassos, ele se suicidou aos 31 anos. Toole nasceu em uma família de classe média em Nova Orleães. Desde muito jovem, sua mãe, Thelma, lhe ensinou a apreciar a cultura. Ela esteve completamente envolvida em seus assuntos durante a maior parte de sua vida, e às vezes eles tinham um relacionamento difícil. Com o incentivo de sua mãe, Toole se tornou um artista de palco aos dez anos de idade, fazendo impressões cômicas e atuando. Aos dezesseis anos escreveu seu primeiro romance, The Neon Bible, que mais tarde descartou como "adolescente". Toole recebeu uma bolsa acadêmica para a Universidade Tulane em Nova Orleães. Depois de se formar na Tulane, estudou inglês na Universidade Columbia em Nova Iorque enquanto lecionava simultaneamente no . Ele também ensinou em várias faculdades da Luisiana e, durante o início de sua carreira como acadêmico, foi valorizado no circuito de festas da faculdade por sua inteligência e talento para a mímica. Seus estudos foram interrompidos quando ele foi convocado para o exército, onde ensinou inglês para recrutas de língua castelhana em San Juan, Porto Rico. Depois de receber uma promoção, ele usou seu escritório particular para começar a escrever A Confederacy of Dunces, que terminou na casa de seus pais após sua alta. Dunces é um romance picaresco que apresenta as desventuras do protagonista Ignatius J. Reilly, um preguiçoso, obeso, misantropo, erudito que vive em casa com sua mãe. É aclamado por suas representações precisas dos . Toole baseou Reilly em parte em seu amigo professor universitário Bob Byrne. O comportamento desleixado e excêntrico de Byrne era tudo menos professoral, e Reilly o espelhava nesses aspectos. O personagem também foi baseado no próprio Toole, e várias experiências pessoais serviram de inspiração para passagens do romance. Enquanto estava em Tulane, Toole substituiu um amigo em um trabalho como vendedor de tamal quente e trabalhava em uma fábrica de roupas de propriedade e administração familiar. Ambas as experiências foram posteriormente adotadas em sua ficção. Toole submeteu Dunces to publisher Simon & Schuster, à editora Simon & Schuster, onde chegou ao editor . Gottlieb considerou Toole talentoso, mas sentiu que seu romance em quadrinhos era essencialmente inútil. Apesar de várias revisões, Gottlieb permaneceu insatisfeito, e depois que o livro foi rejeitado por outra figura literária, , Toole engavetou o romance. Sofrendo de depressão e sentimentos de perseguição, Toole saiu de casa em uma viagem pelo país. Ele parou em Biloxi, Mississippi, para acabar com sua vida, passando uma mangueira de jardim do escapamento de seu carro até a cabine. Alguns anos depois, sua mãe levou o manuscrito de Dunces à atenção do romancista Walker Percy, que inaugurou o livro em impressão. Em 1981, Toole recebeu postumamente o Prêmio Pulitzer de Ficção. postumamente o Prêmio Pulitzer de Ficção.
, Scríbhneoir Meiriceánach a rugadh i New Orleans, Louisiana ab ea John Kennedy Toole (17 Nollaig, 1937 – 26 Márta, 1969).
, John Kennedy Toole, född 17 december 1937 … John Kennedy Toole, född 17 december 1937 i New Orleans i Louisiana, död 26 mars 1969 i Biloxi i Mississippi, var en amerikansk författare. Han skrev den udda och humoristiska romanen Dumskallarnas sammansvärjning, som utgavs postumt genom moderns försorg 1980, elva år efter att Toole begått självmord. Toole fick postumt Pulitzerpriset för skönlitteratur 1981 för Dumskallarnas sammansvärjning.ur 1981 för Dumskallarnas sammansvärjning.
, John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 17 dicemb … John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 17 dicembre 1937 – 26 marzo 1969) è stato uno scrittore statunitense. John Kennedy Toole in vita non pubblicò nulla. Solo diversi anni dopo la sua morte, avvenuta a soli 31 anni, la madre riuscì a far leggere il manoscritto di A Confederacy of Dunces (titolo originale di Una banda di idioti) allo scrittore Walker Percy, che affascinato dalla genialità dell'opera, riuscì a convincere un editore a pubblicare il romanzo. Nel 1981 a Toole fu assegnato postumo il Premio Pulitzer per la narrativa.stumo il Premio Pulitzer per la narrativa.
, John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 17 december 1937 - 26 maart 1969) was een Amerikaans schrijver en leraar.
, John Kennedy Toole (* 17. Dezember 1937 in … John Kennedy Toole (* 17. Dezember 1937 in New Orleans; † 26. März 1969 in Biloxi, Mississippi) war ein amerikanischer Schriftsteller, dessen Roman Die Verschwörung der Idioten (teils auch als Ignaz oder Die Verschwörung der Idioten erschienen) erst ein Jahrzehnt nach seinem Selbstmord veröffentlicht wurde und den Pulitzer-Preis gewann.licht wurde und den Pulitzer-Preis gewann.
, John Kennedy Toole (ur. 17 grudnia 1937, z … John Kennedy Toole (ur. 17 grudnia 1937, zm. 26 marca 1969) – amerykański pisarz z Nowego Orleanu, autor powieści (tytuł angielski A Confederacy of Dunces, wcześniejsze wydanie polskie z 2001 roku zatytułowane było Sprzysiężenie głupców) (1980). Był nauczycielem uniwersyteckim. Popełnił samobójstwo (wdychanie spalin), a jego powieść wydano pośmiertnie (w 1981 została ona uhonorowana Nagrodą Pulitzera). Za jego życia wydawnictwo Simon and Schuster odrzuciło rękopis. Sprzedano 1,5 miliona egzemplarzy tej książki w 18 językach.ona egzemplarzy tej książki w 18 językach.
, John Kennedy Toole (17. prosince 1937, New Orleans, USA – 26. března 1969, Biloxi, USA) byl americký spisovatel známý především jako autor románu Spolčení hlupců.
, John Kennedy Toole (/ˈtuːl/; December 17, … John Kennedy Toole (/ˈtuːl/; December 17, 1937 – March 26, 1969) was an American novelist from New Orleans, Louisiana whose posthumously published novel, A Confederacy of Dunces, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1981. He also wrote The Neon Bible. Although several people in the literary world felt his writing skills were praiseworthy, Toole's novels were rejected during his lifetime. Due in part to these failures, he suffered from paranoia and depression, committing suicide at the age of 31. Toole was born to a middle-class family in New Orleans. From a young age, his mother, Thelma, taught him an appreciation of culture. She was thoroughly involved in his affairs for most of his life, and at times they had a difficult relationship. With his mother's encouragement, Toole became a stage performer at the age of 10 doing comic impressions and acting. At 16 he wrote his first novel, The Neon Bible, which he later dismissed as "adolescent". Toole received an academic scholarship to Tulane University in New Orleans. After graduating from Tulane, he studied English at Columbia University in New York while teaching simultaneously at Hunter College. He also taught at various Louisiana colleges, and during his early career as an academic he was valued on the faculty party circuit for his wit and gift for mimicry. His studies were interrupted when he was drafted into the army, where he taught English to Spanish-speaking recruits in San Juan, Puerto Rico. After receiving a promotion, he used his private office to begin writing A Confederacy of Dunces, which he finished at his parents' home after his discharge. Dunces is a picaresque novel featuring the misadventures of protagonist Ignatius J. Reilly, a lazy, obese, misanthropic, self-styled scholar who lives at home with his mother. It is hailed for its accurate depictions of New Orleans dialects. Toole based Reilly in part on his college professor friend Bob Byrne. Byrne's slovenly, eccentric behavior was anything but professorial, and Reilly mirrored him in these respects. The character was also based on Toole himself, and several personal experiences served as inspiration for passages in the novel. While at Tulane, Toole filled in for a friend at a job as a hot tamale cart vendor, and worked at a family owned and operated clothing factory. Both of these experiences were later adopted into his fiction. Toole submitted Dunces to publisher Simon & Schuster, where it reached editor Robert Gottlieb. Gottlieb considered Toole talented but felt his comic novel was essentially pointless. Despite several revisions, Gottlieb remained unsatisfied, and after the book was rejected by another literary figure, Hodding Carter Jr., Toole shelved the novel. Suffering from depression and feelings of persecution, Toole left home on a journey around the country. He stopped in Biloxi, Mississippi, ending his life by running a garden hose in from the exhaust of his car to the cabin. Some years later, his mother brought the manuscript of Dunces to the attention of novelist Walker Percy, who ushered the book into print. In 1981, Toole was posthumously awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.ly awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.
, John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 1937ko ab … John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 1937ko abenduaren 17a - 1969ko martxoaren 26a) Estatu Batuetako idazlea izan zen. Tulane_Unibertsitatean graduatu ondoren, Columbiako Unibertsitatean goi mailako gradua egin zuen ingeles hizkuntzan, eta Lousianan eta New Orleansen egon zen irakasle. Ergelen batzarra (1980) izan zen idatzi zuen eleberri bakarra, eta argitaletxez argitaletxe ibili ondoren, inork ez ziola argitaratu nahi eta bere buruaz beste egin zuen. Handik hamar urtera, Thelma D. Toolek, Johnen amak, Walker Percy idazlearen bidez, lortu zuen argitaratzea, eta arrakasta itzela izan zuen. 1981ean Pulitzer saria eman zioten. zuen. 1981ean Pulitzer saria eman zioten.
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John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 17 december 1937 - 26 maart 1969) was een Amerikaans schrijver en leraar.
, John Kennedy Toole (Nova Orleans, Luisiana … John Kennedy Toole (Nova Orleans, Luisiana, 17 de desembre de 1937 - Biloxi, Mississipí, 26 de març de 1969) fou un novel·lista estatunidenc nascut a Nova Orleans, Louisiana, conegut sobretot per la seva novel·la Una conxorxa d'enzes, guanyadora del Premi Pulitzer. Les novel·les de Toole no es van publicar en vida de l'autor. Alguns anys després de la seva mort, la seva mare Thelma Toole va presentar el manuscrit d'Una conxorxa d'enzes i va aconseguir que es publiqués. L'any 1981 Toole va guanyar el Premi Pulitzer pòstumament. va guanyar el Premi Pulitzer pòstumament.
, John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 1937ko ab … John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 1937ko abenduaren 17a - 1969ko martxoaren 26a) Estatu Batuetako idazlea izan zen. Tulane_Unibertsitatean graduatu ondoren, Columbiako Unibertsitatean goi mailako gradua egin zuen ingeles hizkuntzan, eta Lousianan eta New Orleansen egon zen irakasle. Ergelen batzarra (1980) izan zen idatzi zuen eleberri bakarra, eta argitaletxez argitaletxe ibili ondoren, inork ez ziola argitaratu nahi eta bere buruaz beste egin zuen. Handik hamar urtera, Thelma D. Toolek, Johnen amak, Walker Percy idazlearen bidez, lortu zuen argitaratzea, eta arrakasta itzela izan zuen. 1981ean Pulitzer saria eman zioten. zuen. 1981ean Pulitzer saria eman zioten.
, John Kennedy Toole (* 17. Dezember 1937 in … John Kennedy Toole (* 17. Dezember 1937 in New Orleans; † 26. März 1969 in Biloxi, Mississippi) war ein amerikanischer Schriftsteller, dessen Roman Die Verschwörung der Idioten (teils auch als Ignaz oder Die Verschwörung der Idioten erschienen) erst ein Jahrzehnt nach seinem Selbstmord veröffentlicht wurde und den Pulitzer-Preis gewann.licht wurde und den Pulitzer-Preis gewann.
, John Kennedy Toole est un écrivain américa … John Kennedy Toole est un écrivain américain, né le 17 décembre 1937 à La Nouvelle-Orléans (Louisiane) et mort le 26 mars 1969 à Biloxi (Mississippi). Son œuvre principale, La Conjuration des imbéciles, est un roman picaresque situé dans différents quartiers de sa ville natale. Il met en scène les aventures rocambolesques d'Ignatius J. Reilly, personnage excentrique, obèse, misanthrope, paresseux et philosophe, contempteur virulent de la société américaine des années 1960 dont il rejette toutes les valeurs et les obsessions. Refusé par plusieurs éditeurs, le roman ne fut publié qu'en 1980, une décennie après le suicide de l'écrivain, en proie à des troubles dépressifs et un sentiment d'échec littéraire. Il s'est vu attribuer le Prix Pulitzer l'année suivante, à titre posthume.litzer l'année suivante, à titre posthume.
, John Kennedy Toole, född 17 december 1937 … John Kennedy Toole, född 17 december 1937 i New Orleans i Louisiana, död 26 mars 1969 i Biloxi i Mississippi, var en amerikansk författare. Han skrev den udda och humoristiska romanen Dumskallarnas sammansvärjning, som utgavs postumt genom moderns försorg 1980, elva år efter att Toole begått självmord. Toole fick postumt Pulitzerpriset för skönlitteratur 1981 för Dumskallarnas sammansvärjning.ur 1981 för Dumskallarnas sammansvärjning.
, John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 17 dicemb … John Kennedy Toole (New Orleans, 17 dicembre 1937 – 26 marzo 1969) è stato uno scrittore statunitense. John Kennedy Toole in vita non pubblicò nulla. Solo diversi anni dopo la sua morte, avvenuta a soli 31 anni, la madre riuscì a far leggere il manoscritto di A Confederacy of Dunces (titolo originale di Una banda di idioti) allo scrittore Walker Percy, che affascinato dalla genialità dell'opera, riuscì a convincere un editore a pubblicare il romanzo. Nel 1981 a Toole fu assegnato postumo il Premio Pulitzer per la narrativa.stumo il Premio Pulitzer per la narrativa.
, John Kennedy Toole (Nueva Orleans, Luisian … John Kennedy Toole (Nueva Orleans, Luisiana, 17 de diciembre de 1937-Biloxi, Misisipi, 26 de marzo de 1969) fue un novelista estadounidense, autor de La conjura de los necios (publicada póstumamente en 1980), obra ganadora del Premio Pulitzer de ficción en 1981. El autor se suicidó en 1969 a los 31 años tras no conseguir publicar esta novela, que fue editada con enorme éxito once años después por una editorial universitaria, Louisiana State University Press, gracias a la insistencia de la madre del autor, Thelma Toole (1901-1984).adre del autor, Thelma Toole (1901-1984).
, John Kennedy Toole ( /ˈtuːl/; 17 de dezemb … John Kennedy Toole ( /ˈtuːl/; 17 de dezembro de 1937 — 26 de março de 1969) foi um romancista americano de Nova Orleães, Luisiana, cujo romance publicado postumamente, A Confederacy of Dunces, ganhou o Prêmio Pulitzer de Ficção. Ele também escreveu . Embora várias pessoas no mundo literário sentissem que suas habilidades de escrita eram louváveis, os romances de Toole foram rejeitados durante sua vida. Depois de sofrer de paranoia e depressão devido em parte a esses fracassos, ele se suicidou aos 31 anos.es fracassos, ele se suicidou aos 31 anos.
, John Kennedy Toole (ur. 17 grudnia 1937, z … John Kennedy Toole (ur. 17 grudnia 1937, zm. 26 marca 1969) – amerykański pisarz z Nowego Orleanu, autor powieści (tytuł angielski A Confederacy of Dunces, wcześniejsze wydanie polskie z 2001 roku zatytułowane było Sprzysiężenie głupców) (1980). Był nauczycielem uniwersyteckim. Popełnił samobójstwo (wdychanie spalin), a jego powieść wydano pośmiertnie (w 1981 została ona uhonorowana Nagrodą Pulitzera). Za jego życia wydawnictwo Simon and Schuster odrzuciło rękopis. Sprzedano 1,5 miliona egzemplarzy tej książki w 18 językach.ona egzemplarzy tej książki w 18 językach.
, John Kennedy Toole (17. prosince 1937, New Orleans, USA – 26. března 1969, Biloxi, USA) byl americký spisovatel známý především jako autor románu Spolčení hlupců.
, 約翰·甘迺迪·涂爾（John Kennedy Toole），（1937年12月17日－1969年3月26日），美國小說家，生於路易斯安那州新奧爾良，其死後出版的小說贏得了普利茲小說獎。他還寫了《》。雖然文學界認為他的寫作技巧值得稱道的，但約翰·甘迺迪·涂爾的小說被大眾所拒絕。約翰·甘迺迪·涂爾患有偏執和抑鬱症後，31歲時自殺身亡。
, Scríbhneoir Meiriceánach a rugadh i New Orleans, Louisiana ab ea John Kennedy Toole (17 Nollaig, 1937 – 26 Márta, 1969).
, John Kennedy Toole (/ˈtuːl/; December 17, … John Kennedy Toole (/ˈtuːl/; December 17, 1937 – March 26, 1969) was an American novelist from New Orleans, Louisiana whose posthumously published novel, A Confederacy of Dunces, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1981. He also wrote The Neon Bible. Although several people in the literary world felt his writing skills were praiseworthy, Toole's novels were rejected during his lifetime. Due in part to these failures, he suffered from paranoia and depression, committing suicide at the age of 31.sion, committing suicide at the age of 31.
, Джон Кеннеди Тул (англ. John Kennedy Toole … Джон Кеннеди Тул (англ. John Kennedy Toole, 17 декабря 1937, Новый Орлеан, — 26 марта 1969, Билокси) — американский писатель, известный своим плутовским романом « (англ. A Confederacy of Dunces)», за который посмертно удостоился Пулитцеровской премии. «Сговор», написанный в начале 1960-х, был единственным литературным трудом, который Тул пытался издать; неудача способствовала ухудшению его состояния и через несколько лет писатель покончил с собой.з несколько лет писатель покончил с собой.
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