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銃後（じゅうご、英: Home Front）とは、戦争の状況下で、戦場における銃の後ろ、すなわち前線に対して、直接の戦場ではない後方という意味で用いられる。
, Home front is an English language term wit … Home front is an English language term with analogues in other languages. It is commonly used to describe the full participation of the British public in World War I who suffered Zeppelin raids and endured food rations as part of what came to be called the "Home Front". Civilians are traditionally uninvolved in combat, except when the hostilities happen to reach their residential areas. However, the expanded destructive capabilities of modern warfare posed an increased direct threat to civilian populations. With the rapid increase of military technology, the term "military effort" has changed to include the "home front" as a reflection of both a civilian "sector" capacity to produce arms, as well as the structural or policy changes which deal with its vulnerability to direct attack. This continuity of "military effort" from fighting combat troops to manufacturing facilities has profound effects for the concept of "total war". By this logic, if factories and workers producing material are part of the war effort, they become legitimate targets for attack, rather than protected non-combatants. Hence, in practice, both sides in a conflict attack civilians and civilian infrastructure, with the understanding that they are legitimate and lawful targets in war. This military view of civilian targets has effects on the equity of applied legal principles on which the prosecution of crimes against humanity are based. The concept of civilians' involvement in war also developed in connection with general development and change of the ideological attitude to the state. In feudal society and also in absolute monarchy the state was perceived as essentially belonging to the monarch and the aristocracy, ruling over a mass of passive commoners; wars were perceived as a contest between rival rulers, conducted "above the head" of the commoners, who were expected to submit to the victor. However even given this, in feudal societies the income of estates and nations, and therefore the wealth and power of monarchs and aristocrats, was proportional to the number of commoners available to work the land. By killing, terrorizing, destroying property and driving away a nobleman's serfs, a tactic known as chevauchée, an attacker could hope either to diminish the strength of an opponent or to force an opponent to give battle. In contrast, since the French Revolution, the state was increasingly perceived as belonging to "the People", a perception shared—though in different forms—by democracy, communism and fascism. A logical conclusion was that war has become everybody's business and that also those not taken into the military must still "do their part" and "fight on the home front".their part" and "fight on the home front".
, جبهة داخلية مصطلح يشير إلى القوة المدنية ا … جبهة داخلية مصطلح يشير إلى القوة المدنية الشعبية للدولة أثناء حالة الحرب إذ تمثل النشاطات داعمة للمجهود الحربي عاملا مساعدا لتحقيق النصر في جبهات القتال، وقد حققت الجبهة الداخلية في الحرب العالمية الثانية عاملا موثرا في انتصار الحلفاء أمام دول المحور بعد أن تمكنوا من حشد القوة المدنية لدعم المجهور الحربي، لاسيما السوفيت الذين تمكنوا من بناء 57,000 دبابة تي-34 خلال سنوات الحرب. بناء 57,000 دبابة تي-34 خلال سنوات الحرب.
, 大後方是泛指交戰雙方戰線後方的非正式用语，簡單來说就是兩軍的基地。大后方作用为為前线提供軍需品、生活补给、較前線更高的醫療水準，及物资装备的制造、生产和研发等等。閃擊戰的基礎理論之一就是通过切斷敌军前線部队與大後方的聯繫與補給，削弱敌军的士气及战斗力。
, La locuzione fronte interno è stata utiliz … La locuzione fronte interno è stata utilizzata da gran parte della pubblicistica storiografica, giornalistica e politica contemporanea per descrivere la decisiva influenza che i sentimenti maggiormente diffusi nella classe dirigente, negli apparati amministrativi e giudiziari e, in generale, nell'opinione pubblica di uno Stato possono esercitare sulla conduzione e, quindi, sull'esito della partecipazione dello Stato medesimo ad una guerra o, comunque, ad un forte impiego attivo di forze armate. Il caso più noto di sconfitta militare a seguito della volontà contraria del fronte interno fu la ritirata dal Vietnam da parte degli Stati Uniti durante la Guerra del Vietnam. In questi casi la sconfitta può essere vissuta come un tradimento da chi invece voleva proseguire una guerra non ancora persa sul campo di battaglia: è il caso del mito della Dolchstoßlegende che avrebbe favorito l'ascesa del Nazismo.che avrebbe favorito l'ascesa del Nazismo.
, Het thuisfront is er ter ondersteuning van … Het thuisfront is er ter ondersteuning van strijdkrachten tijdens een oorlog. Daartoe behoren de oorlogs- en voedselproductie tijdens een totale oorlog, de oorlogspolitiek, de publieke opinie, de emotionele steun aan de oorlogsdoelen en de strijdkrachten zelf. Daarnaast wordt het begrip thuisfront ook gebruikt in meer algemenere context en wordt het gezien als de locatie waar men naartoe gaat als men klaar is met werken. Doorgaans wordt de term dan gebruikt voor beroepsmatige werkzaamheden die meerdere dagen, weken of maanden afzondering van het thuisfront vragen. Een voorbeeld van een dergelijk beroep kan die van zeeman zijn, samen met diens zeemansvrouw, Ook wordt het begrip gebruikt voor zendelingen. Daarbij kan ook sprake zijn van een thuisfrontcommissie. In romantischer taalgebruik de thuisblijvende partner (en kinderen en huisdier) tijdens activiteiten buitenshuis. Zo wordt het woord ook gebruikt voor familieleden die niet meegaan op vakantie en die op de hoogte worden gehouden door de vakantiegangers.e worden gehouden door de vakantiegangers.
, Frente de batalha em casa ou Frente de Bat … Frente de batalha em casa ou Frente de Batalha Doméstica é a população civil da nação em guerra como um sistema de apoio ativo para seus militares. Frente de batalha em casa com o nome em inglês, Homefront, é comumente usado para descrever a plena participação do público britânico na Primeira Guerra Mundial, que sofreu ataques zeppelin e suportou rações de comida como parte do que veio a ser chamado de "Home Front".do que veio a ser chamado de "Home Front".
, L’arrière est le territoire situé en dehor … L’arrière est le territoire situé en dehors des zones de combats dans un pays en guerre. Le terme correspondant en anglais, Homefront, (front intérieur) serait apparu au cours de la Première Guerre mondiale. En allemand Heimatfront daterait de la guerre franco-prussienne de 1870.La notion d’arrière opposée à celle de front combattant concerne particulièrement les conflits majeurs notamment ceux de la Première et Deuxième Guerres mondiales, de longue durée et de guerre de position. Elle ne s’applique pas aux territoires occupés par l’ennemi, par exemple la France de 1940 à 1944, la Belgique pendant la Première et la Seconde Guerre mondiale ou les régions envahies du Nord-Est de la France de 1914 à 1918.s du Nord-Est de la France de 1914 à 1918.
, Heimatfront bezeichnet die Einbeziehung de … Heimatfront bezeichnet die Einbeziehung der Zivilbevölkerung in Kriegshandlungen, auch wenn die eigentliche Front außerhalb der Lebensräume der Bevölkerung liegt. Diese Einbeziehung kann zum Beispiel durch kriegerische Handlungen hinter der Front (wie Bombenangriffe) oder durch Arbeit der Zivilbevölkerung in der Rüstungsindustrie oder militärischen Logistik geschehen.rie oder militärischen Logistik geschehen.
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大後方是泛指交戰雙方戰線後方的非正式用语，簡單來说就是兩軍的基地。大后方作用为為前线提供軍需品、生活补给、較前線更高的醫療水準，及物资装备的制造、生产和研发等等。閃擊戰的基礎理論之一就是通过切斷敌军前線部队與大後方的聯繫與補給，削弱敌军的士气及战斗力。
, جبهة داخلية مصطلح يشير إلى القوة المدنية ا … جبهة داخلية مصطلح يشير إلى القوة المدنية الشعبية للدولة أثناء حالة الحرب إذ تمثل النشاطات داعمة للمجهود الحربي عاملا مساعدا لتحقيق النصر في جبهات القتال، وقد حققت الجبهة الداخلية في الحرب العالمية الثانية عاملا موثرا في انتصار الحلفاء أمام دول المحور بعد أن تمكنوا من حشد القوة المدنية لدعم المجهور الحربي، لاسيما السوفيت الذين تمكنوا من بناء 57,000 دبابة تي-34 خلال سنوات الحرب. بناء 57,000 دبابة تي-34 خلال سنوات الحرب.
, Home front is an English language term wit … Home front is an English language term with analogues in other languages. It is commonly used to describe the full participation of the British public in World War I who suffered Zeppelin raids and endured food rations as part of what came to be called the "Home Front".f what came to be called the "Home Front".
, Heimatfront bezeichnet die Einbeziehung de … Heimatfront bezeichnet die Einbeziehung der Zivilbevölkerung in Kriegshandlungen, auch wenn die eigentliche Front außerhalb der Lebensräume der Bevölkerung liegt. Diese Einbeziehung kann zum Beispiel durch kriegerische Handlungen hinter der Front (wie Bombenangriffe) oder durch Arbeit der Zivilbevölkerung in der Rüstungsindustrie oder militärischen Logistik geschehen.rie oder militärischen Logistik geschehen.
, Frente de batalha em casa ou Frente de Bat … Frente de batalha em casa ou Frente de Batalha Doméstica é a população civil da nação em guerra como um sistema de apoio ativo para seus militares. Frente de batalha em casa com o nome em inglês, Homefront, é comumente usado para descrever a plena participação do público britânico na Primeira Guerra Mundial, que sofreu ataques zeppelin e suportou rações de comida como parte do que veio a ser chamado de "Home Front".do que veio a ser chamado de "Home Front".
, L’arrière est le territoire situé en dehor … L’arrière est le territoire situé en dehors des zones de combats dans un pays en guerre. Le terme correspondant en anglais, Homefront, (front intérieur) serait apparu au cours de la Première Guerre mondiale. En allemand Heimatfront daterait de la guerre franco-prussienne de 1870.La notion d’arrière opposée à celle de front combattant concerne particulièrement les conflits majeurs notamment ceux de la Première et Deuxième Guerres mondiales, de longue durée et de guerre de position. Elle ne s’applique pas aux territoires occupés par l’ennemi, par exemple la France de 1940 à 1944, la Belgique pendant la Première et la Seconde Guerre mondiale ou les régions envahies du Nord-Est de la France de 1914 à 1918.s du Nord-Est de la France de 1914 à 1918.
, 銃後（じゅうご、英: Home Front）とは、戦争の状況下で、戦場における銃の後ろ、すなわち前線に対して、直接の戦場ではない後方という意味で用いられる。
, Het thuisfront is er ter ondersteuning van … Het thuisfront is er ter ondersteuning van strijdkrachten tijdens een oorlog. Daartoe behoren de oorlogs- en voedselproductie tijdens een totale oorlog, de oorlogspolitiek, de publieke opinie, de emotionele steun aan de oorlogsdoelen en de strijdkrachten zelf. Ook wordt het begrip gebruikt voor zendelingen. Daarbij kan ook sprake zijn van een thuisfrontcommissie.k sprake zijn van een thuisfrontcommissie.
, La locuzione fronte interno è stata utiliz … La locuzione fronte interno è stata utilizzata da gran parte della pubblicistica storiografica, giornalistica e politica contemporanea per descrivere la decisiva influenza che i sentimenti maggiormente diffusi nella classe dirigente, negli apparati amministrativi e giudiziari e, in generale, nell'opinione pubblica di uno Stato possono esercitare sulla conduzione e, quindi, sull'esito della partecipazione dello Stato medesimo ad una guerra o, comunque, ad un forte impiego attivo di forze armate.d un forte impiego attivo di forze armate.
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| rdfs:label |
Thuisfront
, جبهة داخلية
, 銃後
, Fronte interno
, Home front
, Arrière (militaire)
, Heimatfront
, 大後方
, Frente de batalha em casa
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