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Η ιστορία της αρχαιολογίας είναι η μελέτη των παραμέτρων (προσωπικότητες, ιδεολογικές αρχές, γεγονότα) που διαμόρφωσαν την πορεία της αρχαιολογικής επιστήμης από την πρώτη συστηματική ενασχόληση με τα υλικά κατάλοιπα του παρελθόντος έως τον 20ο αιώνα.
, Archeologie je věda, zabývající se studiem … Archeologie je věda, zabývající se studiem lidské minulosti prostřednictvím archeologických pramenů. Ty zahrnují movité i nemovité artefakty (včetně částečně nebo zcela zaniklé architektury), ekofakty (včetně kulturní krajiny) a přírodní prameny (např. pylová zrna, jezerní sedimenty). Tyto prameny vydávají svědectví o kultuře minulých lidských populací, ale i o jejich životním prostředí. Rozvoj oboru archeologie má společné kořeny s historií. Mezi první osoby projevující zájem o studium minulosti, patřili panovníci, kteří chtěli ukázat slávu svých národů a podpořit své mocenské ambice. Řecký historik Hérodotos žijící v 5. století př. n. l. byl prvním učencem, který systematicky studoval minulost a možná byl první, kdo zkoumal artefakty. V říši Sung (960–1279) v období císařské Číny, čínští učenci a úřednicí objevovali, studovali a katalogizovali starověké artefakty. V 15. a 16. století došlo v renesanční Evropě k vzestupu antikvářství, tedy sběru starožitností. Postupem času se převážně soukromé sbírky pod vlivem nacionalismu měnily v národní muzea a první archeologické výzkumy reagovaly na hledání počátků jednotlivých národů. Na konci 19. století se archeologie vyvinula v mnohem systematičtější disciplínu a ve 20. století se stala samostatným oborem s vlastní metodikou a řešenými tématy. Během tohoto období také došlo k významnému pokroku v používaných technikách. Slovo archeolog (v anglické verzi archaelogist) bylo poprvé použito v roce 1824 v Oxford English Dictionary.o v roce 1824 v Oxford English Dictionary.
, La arqueología es el estudio de la activid … La arqueología es el estudio de la actividad humana en el pasado, principalmente a través de la recuperación y el análisis de la cultura material y los datos ambientales que han dejado atrás, que incluyen artefactos, arquitectura, biofactos (también conocidos como hechos ecológicos) y paisajes culturales (el registro arqueológico ). El desarrollo del campo de la arqueología tiene sus raíces en la historia y en aquellos interesados en el pasado, como los reyes que querían mostrar las glorias pasadas de sus respectivas naciones. Heródoto, el historiador griego del siglo V aC, fue el primer erudito en estudiar sistemáticamente el pasado y quizás el primero en examinar los artefactos. En el Imperio Song (960–1279) de la China imperial, los funcionarios académicos chinos desenterraron, estudiaron y catalogaron artefactos antiguos. Los siglos XV y XVI vieron el surgimiento de los anticuarios en la Europa del Renacimiento que estaban interesados en la colección de artefactos. El movimiento anticuario se convirtió en nacionalismo a medida que las colecciones personales se convirtieron en museos nacionales. Se convirtió en una disciplina mucho más sistemática a finales del siglo XIX y se convirtió en una herramienta ampliamente utilizada para la investigación histórica y antropológica en el siglo XX. Durante este tiempo también hubo avances significativos en la tecnología utilizada en este campo. en la tecnología utilizada en este campo.
, Archaeology is the study of human activity … Archaeology is the study of human activity in the past, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts (also known as eco-facts) and cultural landscapes (the archaeological record). The development of the field of archaeology has it roots with history and with those who were interested in the past, such as kings and queens who wanted to show past glories of their respective nations. In the 6th century BC, Nabonidus of the Neo-Babylonian Empire excavated, surveyed and restored sites built more than a millennium earlier under Naram-sin of Akkad. The 5th-century-BCE Greek historian Herodotus was the first scholar to systematically study the past and also an early examiner of artifacts. In Medieval India, the study of past was recorded. In the Song Empire (960–1279) of Imperial China, Chinese scholar-officials unearthed, studied, and cataloged ancient artifacts, a native practice that continued into the Qing dynasty (1644–1912) before adoption of Western methods. The 15th and 16th centuries saw the rise of antiquarians in Renaissance Europe such as Flavio Biondo who were interested in the collection of artifacts. The antiquarian movement shifted into nationalism as personal collections turned into national museums. It evolved into a much more systematic discipline in the late 19th century and became a widely used tool for historical and anthropological research in the 20th century. During this time there were also significant advances in the technology used in the field. The OED first cites "archaeologist" from 1824; this soon took over as the usual term for one major branch of antiquarian activity. "Archaeology", from 1607 onwards, initially meant what we would call "ancient history" generally, with the narrower modern sense first seen in 1837. narrower modern sense first seen in 1837.
, L'histoire de l'archéologie est une spécia … L'histoire de l'archéologie est une spécialité de l'histoire des sciences. Elle a pour objet le développement historique de l'archéologie en tant que domaine scientifique, dans ses aspects tant intellectuels que sociaux et institutionnels. Des discours sur le passé (archaíos) ont été produits en tous temps et en tous lieux par les différentes sociétés ; toutefois, l'ambition de fonder scientifiquement ces discours et ces connaissances ne se développe qu'à partir du XIXe siècle. L'histoire de l'archéologie a pour objet ce développement.archéologie a pour objet ce développement.
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L'histoire de l'archéologie est une spécia … L'histoire de l'archéologie est une spécialité de l'histoire des sciences. Elle a pour objet le développement historique de l'archéologie en tant que domaine scientifique, dans ses aspects tant intellectuels que sociaux et institutionnels. Des discours sur le passé (archaíos) ont été produits en tous temps et en tous lieux par les différentes sociétés ; toutefois, l'ambition de fonder scientifiquement ces discours et ces connaissances ne se développe qu'à partir du XIXe siècle. L'histoire de l'archéologie a pour objet ce développement.archéologie a pour objet ce développement.
, Archeologie je věda, zabývající se studiem … Archeologie je věda, zabývající se studiem lidské minulosti prostřednictvím archeologických pramenů. Ty zahrnují movité i nemovité artefakty (včetně částečně nebo zcela zaniklé architektury), ekofakty (včetně kulturní krajiny) a přírodní prameny (např. pylová zrna, jezerní sedimenty). Tyto prameny vydávají svědectví o kultuře minulých lidských populací, ale i o jejich životním prostředí. Slovo archeolog (v anglické verzi archaelogist) bylo poprvé použito v roce 1824 v Oxford English Dictionary.o v roce 1824 v Oxford English Dictionary.
, Η ιστορία της αρχαιολογίας είναι η μελέτη των παραμέτρων (προσωπικότητες, ιδεολογικές αρχές, γεγονότα) που διαμόρφωσαν την πορεία της αρχαιολογικής επιστήμης από την πρώτη συστηματική ενασχόληση με τα υλικά κατάλοιπα του παρελθόντος έως τον 20ο αιώνα.
, Archaeology is the study of human activity … Archaeology is the study of human activity in the past, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts (also known as eco-facts) and cultural landscapes (the archaeological record). The OED first cites "archaeologist" from 1824; this soon took over as the usual term for one major branch of antiquarian activity. "Archaeology", from 1607 onwards, initially meant what we would call "ancient history" generally, with the narrower modern sense first seen in 1837. narrower modern sense first seen in 1837.
, La arqueología es el estudio de la activid … La arqueología es el estudio de la actividad humana en el pasado, principalmente a través de la recuperación y el análisis de la cultura material y los datos ambientales que han dejado atrás, que incluyen artefactos, arquitectura, biofactos (también conocidos como hechos ecológicos) y paisajes culturales (el registro arqueológico ).es culturales (el registro arqueológico ).
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Histoire de l'archéologie
, Dějiny archeologie
, Ιστορία της αρχαιολογίας
, History of archaeology
, Historia de la Arqueología y del método arqueológico
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