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在地质学的分支学科地层学中，全球标准地层年代（缩写为GSSA）是地质记录中一种按时间 … 在地质学的分支学科地层学中，全球标准地层年代（缩写为GSSA）是地质记录中一种按时间顺序排列的参考点和标准，用于年代地层中的有用岩层来定义整个地质年代范围内不同地质期、世或期之间的边界（一种国际认可的基准点）。自1974年以来，全球范围内的多种学科一直在不断努力，以确定此类重要指标。点位和地层需要分布广泛，并包含可识别的地层次序或其他明确的标志（可识别或可量化）属性。 “全球标准地层年代”以及通常较新并被首选的基准-全球界线层型剖面和点位均由国际地层学委员会（ICS）在上级组织国际地质科学联合会（IUGS）的支持下进行定义，主要用于界定6.3亿年前且缺少良好化石记录的岩层年代。国际地层学委员会在制订“全球标准地层年代”基准过程中，首先尝试符合全球界线层型剖面和点位规范（见下文）， 一旦达不到这一点，通常将有足够的信息对几种相冲突的备用设想和提议进行初选。 在大约5.42亿年前，地质记录变得时好时坏、参差不齐，这是因为地球地壳在地质年度范围内不断被地质构造和风化作用力循环改变，使能作为时间参照的较古老岩石和特别容易接近的裸露地层非常罕见。 对于最近的年代，主要通过依据古生物学和化石年代测定法制定的全球界线层型剖面和点位来定义此类边界。与此相比，全球标准地层年代依据的则是特定地层剖面内的重要事件及其过渡。但在较老的剖面中，并没有足够的化石记录或保存完好的剖面来确定所需的关键事件，因此，全球标准地层年代是根据固定日期和选定标准所定义。好的剖面来确定所需的关键事件，因此，全球标准地层年代是根据固定日期和选定标准所定义。
, In stratigrafia, le età stratigrafiche glo … In stratigrafia, le età stratigrafiche globali standard (convenzionalmente abbreviate in GSSA, acronimo della terminologia in inglese Global Standard Stratigraphic Age), sono punti e criteri di riferimento cronologico nelle sequenze geologiche, utilizzati per definire i limiti ufficiali tra periodi geologici, ere e età nella scala geologica del tempo di una data sequenza cronostratigrafica. Dal 1974 è in corso uno sforzo globale per definire questa metrica. I punti e i livelli devono essere ampiamente diffusi e contenere una sequenza ben identificabile di strati o di marcatori che permettano un'identificazione priva di ambiguità. I GSSA, e i più recenti e maggiormente utilizzati Sezioni e punti stratigrafici globali (GSSP), sono definiti dalla Commissione internazionale di stratigrafia (ICS) sotto gli auspici dell'organizzazione madre, la Commissione internazionale di stratigrafia (IUGS); vengono utilizzati principalmente per la datazione di strati rocciosi risalenti a più di 630 milioni di anni fa e che siano privi di un buon registro fossile. L'ICS cerca come prima cosa di vedere se gli standard sono adeguati a definire un GSSP; se questo non è possibile, si valuta se le informazioni raccolte permettono di operare una selezione tra le varie proposte di GSSA. Le evidenze geologiche diventano piuttosto discontinue per i periodi di tempo antecedenti a 542 milioni di anni fa, perché la crosta terrestre è continuamente riciclata dai movimenti tettonici e dalle azioni erosive; per questo motivo sono piuttosto rare le rocce più antiche, e in particolar modo gli strati esposti facilmente accessibili, che consentano una accurata calibrazione cronologica. Per i periodi di tempo più recenti, per definire i limiti tra le varie epoche, si utilizzano i GSSP, basati soprattutto sulla paleontologia e i metodi più recenti per la datazione dei fossili. I GSSP infatti, al contrario dei GSSA, sono basati su importanti eventi o transizioni all'interno di una particolare sezione stratigrafica. Nelle sezioni più antiche, in genere non c'è un registro fossile adeguato o sezioni ben conservate che permettano di identificare gli eventi chiave necessari per definire un GSSP, per cui i GSSA vengono definiti in base a date fisse e criteri prestabiliti. base a date fisse e criteri prestabiliti.
, Das Global Standard Stratigraphic Age (dt. … Das Global Standard Stratigraphic Age (dt. in etwa „Globales stratigraphisches Standard-Alter“), abgekürzt GSSA, ist ein Konzept der Chronostratigraphie und Geochronologie. Es betrifft die Definition der Grenzen der Einheiten der Geologischen Zeitskala, findet bislang aber nur bei Einheiten des Präkambriums Anwendung. Im Gegensatz zu einem GSSP (Global Stratotype Section and Point) wird bei einem GSSA die Einheitengrenze nicht auf Grundlage eines Referenzprofils und der darin vorkommenden geologischen Marker (insbesondere Leitfossilien) und damit nicht unmittelbar auf Grundlage der geologischen Überlieferung festgelegt. Stattdessen wird für einen GSSA ein absolutes (d. h. numerisches) geologisches Alter festgesetzt.merisches) geologisches Alter festgesetzt.
, In the stratigraphy sub-discipline of geol … In the stratigraphy sub-discipline of geology, a Global Standard Stratigraphic Age, abbreviated GSSA, is a chronological reference point and criterion in the geologic record used to define the boundaries (an internationally sanctioned benchmark point) between different geological periods, epochs or ages on the overall geologic time scale in a chronostratigraphically useful rock layer. A worldwide multidisciplinary effort has been ongoing since 1974 to define such important metrics. The points and strata need be widespread and contain an identifiable sequence of layers or other unambiguous marker (identifiable or quantifiable) attributes. GSSAs, and the generally more recent and preferred benchmark GSSPs are defined by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) under the auspices of their parent organization, the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS), and are used primarily for time dating of rock layers older than 630 million years ago, lacking a good fossil record. The ICS first attempts to meet the standards of the GSSPs (see below) and if those fail, usually have enough information to make a preliminary selection of several competing GSSA prospects or proposals. The geologic record becomes spotty prior to about 539 million years ago. This is because the Earth's crust in geological time scales is constantly being recycled by tectonic and weathering forces, and older rocks and especially readily accessible exposed strata that can act as a time calibration are rare. For more recent periods, a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP), largely based on paleontology and improved methods of fossil dating, is used to define such boundaries. In contrast to GSSAs, GSSPs are based on important events and transitions within a particular stratigraphic section. In older sections, there is insufficient fossil record or well preserved sections to identify the key events necessary for a GSSP, so GSSAs are defined based on fixed dates and selected criteria.ased on fixed dates and selected criteria.
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Das Global Standard Stratigraphic Age (dt. … Das Global Standard Stratigraphic Age (dt. in etwa „Globales stratigraphisches Standard-Alter“), abgekürzt GSSA, ist ein Konzept der Chronostratigraphie und Geochronologie. Es betrifft die Definition der Grenzen der Einheiten der Geologischen Zeitskala, findet bislang aber nur bei Einheiten des Präkambriums Anwendung. Im Gegensatz zu einem GSSP (Global Stratotype Section and Point) wird bei einem GSSA die Einheitengrenze nicht auf Grundlage eines Referenzprofils und der darin vorkommenden geologischen Marker (insbesondere Leitfossilien) und damit nicht unmittelbar auf Grundlage der geologischen Überlieferung festgelegt. Stattdessen wird für einen GSSA ein absolutes (d. h. numerisches) geologisches Alter festgesetzt.merisches) geologisches Alter festgesetzt.
, In stratigrafia, le età stratigrafiche glo … In stratigrafia, le età stratigrafiche globali standard (convenzionalmente abbreviate in GSSA, acronimo della terminologia in inglese Global Standard Stratigraphic Age), sono punti e criteri di riferimento cronologico nelle sequenze geologiche, utilizzati per definire i limiti ufficiali tra periodi geologici, ere e età nella scala geologica del tempo di una data sequenza cronostratigrafica.o di una data sequenza cronostratigrafica.
, 在地质学的分支学科地层学中，全球标准地层年代（缩写为GSSA）是地质记录中一种按时间 … 在地质学的分支学科地层学中，全球标准地层年代（缩写为GSSA）是地质记录中一种按时间顺序排列的参考点和标准，用于年代地层中的有用岩层来定义整个地质年代范围内不同地质期、世或期之间的边界（一种国际认可的基准点）。自1974年以来，全球范围内的多种学科一直在不断努力，以确定此类重要指标。点位和地层需要分布广泛，并包含可识别的地层次序或其他明确的标志（可识别或可量化）属性。 “全球标准地层年代”以及通常较新并被首选的基准-全球界线层型剖面和点位均由国际地层学委员会（ICS）在上级组织国际地质科学联合会（IUGS）的支持下进行定义，主要用于界定6.3亿年前且缺少良好化石记录的岩层年代。国际地层学委员会在制订“全球标准地层年代”基准过程中，首先尝试符合全球界线层型剖面和点位规范（见下文）， 一旦达不到这一点，通常将有足够的信息对几种相冲突的备用设想和提议进行初选。 在大约5.42亿年前，地质记录变得时好时坏、参差不齐，这是因为地球地壳在地质年度范围内不断被地质构造和风化作用力循环改变，使能作为时间参照的较古老岩石和特别容易接近的裸露地层非常罕见。和风化作用力循环改变，使能作为时间参照的较古老岩石和特别容易接近的裸露地层非常罕见。
, In the stratigraphy sub-discipline of geol … In the stratigraphy sub-discipline of geology, a Global Standard Stratigraphic Age, abbreviated GSSA, is a chronological reference point and criterion in the geologic record used to define the boundaries (an internationally sanctioned benchmark point) between different geological periods, epochs or ages on the overall geologic time scale in a chronostratigraphically useful rock layer. A worldwide multidisciplinary effort has been ongoing since 1974 to define such important metrics. The points and strata need be widespread and contain an identifiable sequence of layers or other unambiguous marker (identifiable or quantifiable) attributes.(identifiable or quantifiable) attributes.
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, 全球标准地层年代
, Global Standard Stratigraphic Age
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