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La construction en terre désigne les techniques et réalisations de la construction en terre.
, An earth structure is a building or other … An earth structure is a building or other structure made largely from soil. Since soil is a widely available material, it has been used in construction since prehistoric times. It may be combined with other materials, compressed and/or baked to add strength. Soil is still an economical material for many applications, and may have low environmental impact both during and after construction. Earth structure materials may be as simple as mud, or mud mixed with straw to make cob. Sturdy dwellings may be also built from sod or turf. Soil may be stabilized by the addition of lime or cement, and may be compacted into rammed earth. Construction is faster with pre-formed adobe or mudbricks, compressed earth blocks, earthbags or fired clay bricks. Types of earth structure include earth shelters, where a dwelling is wholly or partly embedded in the ground or encased in soil. Native American earth lodges are examples. Wattle and daub houses use a "wattle" of poles interwoven with sticks to provide stability for mud walls. Sod houses were built on the northwest coast of Europe, and later by European settlers on the North American prairies. Adobe or mud-brick buildings are built around the world and include houses, apartment buildings, mosques and churches. Fujian Tulous are large fortified rammed earth buildings in southeastern China that shelter as many as 80 families. Other types of earth structure include mounds and pyramids used for religious purposes, levees, mechanically stabilized earth retaining walls, forts, trenches and embankment dams.alls, forts, trenches and embankment dams.
, البنية الأرضية هي مبنى أو بنية أخرى مصنوعة … البنية الأرضية هي مبنى أو بنية أخرى مصنوعة إلى حد كبير من التربة. نظراً إلى أن التربة مادة متوفرة على نطاق واسع، فقد استُخدمت في البناء منذ عصور ما قبل التاريخ. يمكن دمجها مع مواد أخرى، وضغطها و/أو تسخينها لتقويتها. لا تزال التربة مادة اقتصادية للعديد من التطبيقات، وقد يكون تأثيرها البيئي منخفضًا أثناء وبعد البناء. قد تكون مواد البنى الأرضية بسيطة على شكل طين، أو طين مخلوط مع القش لصنع الآجر (الطوب الترابي القشّي). يمكن بناء المساكن القوية أيضاً من الحصير النباتي أو المرج. يمكن تثبيت التربة عن طريق إضافة الجير أو الأسمنت، وقد يتم ضغطها لتصنيع بُنياتٍ مرصوصة. تكون عملية البناء أسرع من خلال استخدام الطوب اللبن أو الطوب الطيني أو الكتل الأرضية المضغوطة أو الأكياس الأرضية أو الطوب المصنوع المحروق. تشمل أنواع البنى الأرضية الملاجئ الترابية، إذ يُدمج المسكن بالكامل أو جزئياً في الأرض أو قد يكون مغطى بالتربة. تعتبر المساكن الخاصة بالأمريكيين الأصليين مثالاً على ذلك. تستخدم منازل التسييج والجص أعمدة مُسيجة مربوطة بالعصي لتوفير الدعم للجدران الطينية. بُنيت منازل الحصير النباتي على الساحل الشمالي الغربي لأوروبا، وبعد ذلك من قبل المستوطنين الأوروبيين في المروج الأمريكية الشمالية. تُبنى مباني الطوب اللبن أو الطيني في جميع أنحاء العالم وتشمل المنازل والمباني السكنية والمساجد والكنائس. فوجيان تولوس هي عبارة عن مباني أرضية ضخمة محصنة في جنوب شرق الصين تؤوي ما يصل إلى 80 عائلة. تشمل الأنواع الأخرى من البنى الأرضية التلال والأهرامات المستخدمة للأغراض الدينية والحواجز الفيضية والجدران الأرضية المُستقرة ميكانيكياً والحصون والخنادق والسدود.ستقرة ميكانيكياً والحصون والخنادق والسدود.
, Budowla ziemna – budowla, której podstawowym tworzywem jest grunt, wykonana w gruncie lub z gruntu.
, Uma construção de terra é um edifício, ou … Uma construção de terra é um edifício, ou outra estrutura, feita em sua maior parte com solo. Dado que o solo é um material amplamente disponível, ele tem sido usado em construções desde tempos pré-históricos. Ele pode ser combinado com outros materiais, comprimido, ou assado, com a finalidade de aumentar a resistência. O solo ainda é um material econômico para muitas aplicações, e pode ter baixo impacto ambiental tanto durante, quanto após a construção ser finalizada., quanto após a construção ser finalizada.
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البنية الأرضية هي مبنى أو بنية أخرى مصنوعة … البنية الأرضية هي مبنى أو بنية أخرى مصنوعة إلى حد كبير من التربة. نظراً إلى أن التربة مادة متوفرة على نطاق واسع، فقد استُخدمت في البناء منذ عصور ما قبل التاريخ. يمكن دمجها مع مواد أخرى، وضغطها و/أو تسخينها لتقويتها. لا تزال التربة مادة اقتصادية للعديد من التطبيقات، وقد يكون تأثيرها البيئي منخفضًا أثناء وبعد البناء. تشمل أنواع البنى الأرضية الملاجئ الترابية، إذ يُدمج المسكن بالكامل أو جزئياً في الأرض أو قد يكون مغطى بالتربة. تعتبر المساكن الخاصة بالأمريكيين الأصليين مثالاً على ذلك.لخاصة بالأمريكيين الأصليين مثالاً على ذلك.
, Budowla ziemna – budowla, której podstawowym tworzywem jest grunt, wykonana w gruncie lub z gruntu.
, La construction en terre désigne les techniques et réalisations de la construction en terre.
, Uma construção de terra é um edifício, ou … Uma construção de terra é um edifício, ou outra estrutura, feita em sua maior parte com solo. Dado que o solo é um material amplamente disponível, ele tem sido usado em construções desde tempos pré-históricos. Ele pode ser combinado com outros materiais, comprimido, ou assado, com a finalidade de aumentar a resistência. O solo ainda é um material econômico para muitas aplicações, e pode ter baixo impacto ambiental tanto durante, quanto após a construção ser finalizada., quanto após a construção ser finalizada.
, An earth structure is a building or other … An earth structure is a building or other structure made largely from soil. Since soil is a widely available material, it has been used in construction since prehistoric times. It may be combined with other materials, compressed and/or baked to add strength. Soil is still an economical material for many applications, and may have low environmental impact both during and after construction.impact both during and after construction.
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Earth structure
, بنى أرضية
, Budowla ziemna
, Construction en terre
, Construção de terra
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