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The Downing Street memo (or the Downing St … The Downing Street memo (or the Downing Street Minutes), sometimes described by critics of the Iraq War as the smoking gun memo, is the note of a 23 July 2002 secret meeting of senior British government, defence and intelligence figures discussing the build-up to the war, which included direct reference to classified United States policy of the time. The name refers to 10 Downing Street, the residence of the British prime minister. The memo, written by Downing Street foreign policy aide Matthew Rycroft, recorded the head of the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6) as expressing the view following his recent visit to Washington that "[George W.] Bush wanted to remove Saddam Hussein, through military action, justified by the conjunction of terrorism and WMD. But the intelligence and facts were being fixed around the policy."It quoted Foreign Secretary Jack Straw as saying it was clear that Bush had "made up his mind" to take military action but that "the case was thin."Straw also noted that Iraq retained "WMD capability" and that "Saddam would continue to play hard-ball with the UN."The military asked about the consequences "if Saddam used WMD on day one," posing Kuwait or Israel as potential targets.Attorney-General Lord Goldsmith warned that justifying the invasion on legal grounds would be difficult. However, the meeting took place several months before the adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1441, the resolution eventually used as the legal basis for the invasion of Iraq. UNR687 also provided a pre-existing basis, as it required Iraq to divest itself of "100%" of all WMD capacity, which the Memo agreed it had not. A copy of the memo was obtained by British journalist Michael Smith and published in The Sunday Times in May 2005, on the eve of British elections. Smith stated that the memo was equivalent to the Pentagon Papers which exposed American intentions in the Vietnam War and alleged the American media did not report more about it due to a perceived bias towards support for the war. Though its authenticity has never been seriously challenged, the British and American governments have stated that the contents do not accurately reflect their official policy positions at the time.eir official policy positions at the time.
, Das Downing Street memo (gelegentlich mit … Das Downing Street memo (gelegentlich mit DSM abgekürzt) ist das Protokoll eines geheimen Treffens der Labour-Regierung mit Verteidigungs- und Geheimdienstvertretern am 23. Juli 2002 in der Downing Street (London). An dem Treffen beteiligten sich Premierminister Tony Blair, Verteidigungsminister Geoffrey Hoon, Außenminister Jack Straw, Justizminister Peter Goldsmith, der Chef des Joint Intelligence Committee John Scarlett, der Direktor des Secret Intelligence Service (im Memo "C" genannt), der Chef des Verteidigungsrates Admiral Michael Boyce, Blairs außenpolitischer Berater David Manning, sein Sprecher , sein Strategieberater Alastair Campbell und die Regierungsberaterin Sally Morgan. Sie diskutierten den heraufziehenden Irak-Krieg mit direkter Bezugnahme und Analyse der US-Politik zu dieser Zeit. Das Memo wurde vom britischen Diplomaten verfasst und erstmals in der Sunday Times am 1. Mai 2005 veröffentlicht. Das Memo erregte große Aufmerksamkeit in Großbritannien und später den USA und in Weblogs. Besonders aufgrund der Aussage des MI6-Direktors Richard Dearlove, der nach vorangegangenen Gesprächen in Washington berichtete, „Bush wolle Saddam durch einen Militäreinsatz beseitigen, der durch die Verbindung von Terrorismus und Massenvernichtungswaffen gerechtfertigt sei. Doch Erkenntnisse und Fakten würden im Sinne der Politik behandelt.“ Diese Aussage verdeutlichte, dass George W. Bush bereits acht Monate vor Beginn des Irak-Kriegs im März 2003 plante, dort einzumarschieren und ihn zu besetzen.dort einzumarschieren und ihn zu besetzen.
, De "Downing Street memo" (ook DSM), wordt … De "Downing Street memo" (ook DSM), wordt door sommige critici van de Tweede Golfoorlog beschreven als de "smoking gun memo", bevat een overzicht van een geheim overleg dat op 23 juli 2002 werd gehouden tussen de regering van Groot-Brittannië, defensie en de geheime diensten, waarin wordt gesproken van een opbouw naar de oorlog met directe referentie naar een geheim beleid van de Verenigde Staten. De memo werd op 1 mei 2005 voor het eerst gepubliceerd in The Sunday Times in de laatste dagen van de Britse verkiezingen. De memo werd vernoemd naar de residentie van de minister-president, Downing Street 10. De memo werd niet genoemd in de Amerikaanse pers, maar in blogs en forums werd er veel aandacht aan besteed en met name de zin "the intelligence and facts were being fixed around the policy" (de inlichtingen en feiten werden geschreven naar het beleid). Dit betekende dat om Saddam Hoessein als dictator te verwijderen de inlichtingen en feiten werden gefalsificeerd of specifiek uitgekozen. Toen de memo uiteindelijk door de media werd behandeld, werd aandacht besteed aan twee verwijten: dat de gemanipuleerd was om een voorwendsel te geven voor de oorlog, en dat de luchtaanvallen voor de oorlog opzettelijk waren om de komende oorlog eenvoudiger te maken. In de periode die volgde op de memo verschenen meer memo's. Daarom wordt de term in het algemeen gebruikt voor een reeks memo's en die dateren tussen maart 2002 tot juli 2002, waarvan de oorspronkelijke DSM de belangrijkste is. Een getypt replica van de memo werd in The Sunday Times afgedrukt. Om de bron te beschermen werd het origineel met een ouderwetse typemachine overgetypt. Om deze reden is de kopie niet rechtsgeldig, maar de krant beweert het origineel in bewaring te hebben. Geen officiële bronnen hebben de herkomst of de inhoud betwist. Zowel de Verenigde Staten als het Verenigd Koninkrijk hebben geweigerd uitspraken te doen over de memo's. Toen Tony Blair hierover werd aangesproken gaf hij het commentaar "That memo was written before we went to the UN." ("Die memo werd geschreven voordat we naar de Verenigde Naties gingen"). Een groep van 131 leden van het Huis van Afgevaardigden, aangevoerd door John Conyers hebben verschillende malen schriftelijk aan George W. Bush gevraagd uitleg te geven. Een petitie met 560.000 handtekeningen is overhandigd aan de president waarin hem wordt gevraagd uitleg te geven. Tevens is een resolutie tot onderzoek door Barbara Lee met 70 andere leden ingediend waarin de president en het State Department gevraagd worden alle relevante documenten te overhandigen.alle relevante documenten te overhandigen.
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Why has "Downing Street memo" story been a "dud" in US?
, Ministers were told of need for Gulf war 'excuse'
, The decisions, policies and intelligence behind the Iraq War
, Memo: Bush manipulated Iraq intel
, RAF bombing raids tried to goad Saddam into war
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Das Downing Street memo (gelegentlich mit … Das Downing Street memo (gelegentlich mit DSM abgekürzt) ist das Protokoll eines geheimen Treffens der Labour-Regierung mit Verteidigungs- und Geheimdienstvertretern am 23. Juli 2002 in der Downing Street (London). An dem Treffen beteiligten sich Premierminister Tony Blair, Verteidigungsminister Geoffrey Hoon, Außenminister Jack Straw, Justizminister Peter Goldsmith, der Chef des Joint Intelligence Committee John Scarlett, der Direktor des Secret Intelligence Service (im Memo "C" genannt), der Chef des Verteidigungsrates Admiral Michael Boyce, Blairs außenpolitischer Berater David Manning, sein Sprecher , sein Strategieberater Alastair Campbell und die Regierungsberaterin Sally Morgan. Sie diskutierten den heraufziehenden Irak-Krieg mit direkter Bezugnahme und Analyse der US-Politik zu diezugnahme und Analyse der US-Politik zu di
, De "Downing Street memo" (ook DSM), wordt … De "Downing Street memo" (ook DSM), wordt door sommige critici van de Tweede Golfoorlog beschreven als de "smoking gun memo", bevat een overzicht van een geheim overleg dat op 23 juli 2002 werd gehouden tussen de regering van Groot-Brittannië, defensie en de geheime diensten, waarin wordt gesproken van een opbouw naar de oorlog met directe referentie naar een geheim beleid van de Verenigde Staten.een geheim beleid van de Verenigde Staten.
, The Downing Street memo (or the Downing St … The Downing Street memo (or the Downing Street Minutes), sometimes described by critics of the Iraq War as the smoking gun memo, is the note of a 23 July 2002 secret meeting of senior British government, defence and intelligence figures discussing the build-up to the war, which included direct reference to classified United States policy of the time. The name refers to 10 Downing Street, the residence of the British prime minister.e residence of the British prime minister.
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Downing Street memo
, Downing Street Memo
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