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http://dbpedia.org/ontology/abstract コウルズ財団(Cowles Foundation)もしくは経済学研究のためのコウルズ委員会(The Cowles Commission for Research in Economics)は、アメリカ合衆国に所在する経済学の研究機関。現在の所在地はコネティカット州ニュー・ヘイヴンのイェール大学である。経済学における数学的、統計的方法の発展を主な目的としている。委員会のメンバーから多数のノーベル経済学賞受賞者を輩出し、20世紀中葉における一般均衡理論と計量経済学の発展に深く関わってきた。現在の委員長は。 , 考爾斯經濟學研究委員會(英語:Cowles Commission for Research in Economics),經濟學研究機構,由美國企業家與經濟學家,阿爾弗雷德·考爾斯,於1932年,在科羅拉多州斯普林斯創建。1939年,在Theodore O. Yntema擔任主席時,將所在地遷移至芝加哥大學中。1955年,考爾斯家族再度將它遷移到耶魯大學中,並改名為考爾斯基金會(英語:Cowles Foundation)。 考爾斯基金會的宗旨,在於推動以數學及統計學來進行經濟學研究。 , Cowlesstiftelsen (Cowles Foundation for ReCowlesstiftelsen (Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics), grundad 1932 som Cowleskommissionen (Cowles Commission for Research in Economics), är en stiftelse för forskning inom nationalekonomi vid Yale University. Cowlesstiftelsens forskningsinriktning är att utveckla och tillämpa rigorösa logiska, matematiska och statistiska analysmetoder för användning inom nationalekonomi och närliggande områden.m nationalekonomi och närliggande områden. , La Cowles Foundation for Research in EconoLa Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics est un institut de recherche en économie fondé en 1932 par Alfred Cowles sous le nom de Cowles Commission for Research in Economics, dans le but d'améliorer la collecte et l'analyse statistique des données économiques. Initialement située à Colorado Springs, la Cowles Commission a déménagé en 1939 à l'université de Chicago. En 1955, sous l'impulsion de Tjalling Koopmans, la Cowles Commission déménage à l'université Yale et devient la Cowles Foundation. La Cowles Commission a joué un rôle essentiel dans le développement de l'économétrie.el dans le développement de l'économétrie. , مؤسسة كاولز للبحوث في الاقتصاد هي معهد أبحمؤسسة كاولز للبحوث في الاقتصاد هي معهد أبحاث اقتصادي بجامعة ييل. تم إنشاؤها باسم لجنة كاولز للبحوث في الاقتصاد في كولورادو سبرينغس في عام 1932 من قبل رجل الأعمال والاقتصادي ألفريد كاولز. في عام 1939 ، انتقلت لجنة كاولز إلى جامعة شيكاغو تحت حكم ثيودور سينتا. قادها جاكوب مارشاك من عام 1943 حتى عام 1948، عندما تولى تجالينغ كوبمانز القيادة. أدت المعارضة المتزايدة للجنة كاولز من قسم الاقتصاد في جامعة شيكاغو خلال الخمسينيات من القرن العشرين إلى إقناع كوبمانز بإقناع عائلة كاولز بنقل اللجنة إلى جامعة ييل في عام 1955 حيث أصبحت مؤسسة كاولز.معة ييل في عام 1955 حيث أصبحت مؤسسة كاولز. , The Cowles Foundation for Research in EconThe Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics is an economic research institute at Yale University. It was created as the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics at Colorado Springs in 1932 by businessman and economist Alfred Cowles. In 1939, the Cowles Commission moved to the University of Chicago under Theodore O. Yntema. Jacob Marschak directed it from 1943 until 1948, when Tjalling C. Koopmans assumed leadership. Increasing opposition to the Cowles Commission from the department of economics of the University of Chicago during the 1950s impelled Koopmans to persuade the Cowles family to move the commission to Yale University in 1955 where it became the Cowles Foundation. As its motto Theory and Measurement implies, the Cowles Commission focuses on linking economic theory to mathematics and statistics. Its advances in economics involved the creation and integration of general equilibrium theory and econometrics. The thrust of the Cowles approach was a specific, probabilistic framework in estimating simultaneous equations to model an economy. Its ultimate goal in doing so was to gain policy insight. The Cowles approach structured its models from a priori economic theory. One of its main contributions was in exposing the bias of ordinary least squares regression in identifying coefficient estimates. Consequently, Cowles researchers developed new methods such as the indirect least squares, instrumental variable methods, the full information maximum likelihood method, and the limited information maximum likelihood method. All of these methods used theoretical, a priori restrictions. According to an article by Carl F. Christ, the Cowles approach was grounded on certain assumptions: 1. simultaneous economic behavior;2. linear or logarithmic equations and disturbances;3. systematic, observable variables without error;4. discrete variable changes as opposed to continuous;5. a priori determination of exogeneity and endogeneity;6. the existence of a reduced form;7. independence of the explanatory variables;8. a priori identified structural equations;9. normally distributed disturbances with zero means, finite and constant covariances, a nonsingular covariance matrix, and serial independence;10. a dynamically stable system of equations. Several Cowles associates have won a Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for research done while at the Cowles Commission. These include Tjalling Koopmans, Kenneth Arrow, Gérard Debreu, James Tobin, Franco Modigliani, Herbert A. Simon, Joseph E. Stiglitz, Lawrence Klein, Trygve Haavelmo, Leonid Hurwicz and Harry Markowitz. The Cowles Foundation is located at 30 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut. Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut.
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rdfs:comment The Cowles Foundation for Research in EconThe Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics is an economic research institute at Yale University. It was created as the Cowles Commission for Research in Economics at Colorado Springs in 1932 by businessman and economist Alfred Cowles. In 1939, the Cowles Commission moved to the University of Chicago under Theodore O. Yntema. Jacob Marschak directed it from 1943 until 1948, when Tjalling C. Koopmans assumed leadership. Increasing opposition to the Cowles Commission from the department of economics of the University of Chicago during the 1950s impelled Koopmans to persuade the Cowles family to move the commission to Yale University in 1955 where it became the Cowles Foundation.955 where it became the Cowles Foundation. , مؤسسة كاولز للبحوث في الاقتصاد هي معهد أبحمؤسسة كاولز للبحوث في الاقتصاد هي معهد أبحاث اقتصادي بجامعة ييل. تم إنشاؤها باسم لجنة كاولز للبحوث في الاقتصاد في كولورادو سبرينغس في عام 1932 من قبل رجل الأعمال والاقتصادي ألفريد كاولز. في عام 1939 ، انتقلت لجنة كاولز إلى جامعة شيكاغو تحت حكم ثيودور سينتا. قادها جاكوب مارشاك من عام 1943 حتى عام 1948، عندما تولى تجالينغ كوبمانز القيادة. أدت المعارضة المتزايدة للجنة كاولز من قسم الاقتصاد في جامعة شيكاغو خلال الخمسينيات من القرن العشرين إلى إقناع كوبمانز بإقناع عائلة كاولز بنقل اللجنة إلى جامعة ييل في عام 1955 حيث أصبحت مؤسسة كاولز.معة ييل في عام 1955 حيث أصبحت مؤسسة كاولز. , Cowlesstiftelsen (Cowles Foundation for ReCowlesstiftelsen (Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics), grundad 1932 som Cowleskommissionen (Cowles Commission for Research in Economics), är en stiftelse för forskning inom nationalekonomi vid Yale University. Cowlesstiftelsens forskningsinriktning är att utveckla och tillämpa rigorösa logiska, matematiska och statistiska analysmetoder för användning inom nationalekonomi och närliggande områden.m nationalekonomi och närliggande områden. , La Cowles Foundation for Research in EconoLa Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics est un institut de recherche en économie fondé en 1932 par Alfred Cowles sous le nom de Cowles Commission for Research in Economics, dans le but d'améliorer la collecte et l'analyse statistique des données économiques. Initialement située à Colorado Springs, la Cowles Commission a déménagé en 1939 à l'université de Chicago. En 1955, sous l'impulsion de Tjalling Koopmans, la Cowles Commission déménage à l'université Yale et devient la Cowles Foundation. La Cowles Commission a joué un rôle essentiel dans le développement de l'économétrie.el dans le développement de l'économétrie. , コウルズ財団(Cowles Foundation)もしくは経済学研究のためのコウルズ委員会(The Cowles Commission for Research in Economics)は、アメリカ合衆国に所在する経済学の研究機関。現在の所在地はコネティカット州ニュー・ヘイヴンのイェール大学である。経済学における数学的、統計的方法の発展を主な目的としている。委員会のメンバーから多数のノーベル経済学賞受賞者を輩出し、20世紀中葉における一般均衡理論と計量経済学の発展に深く関わってきた。現在の委員長は。 , 考爾斯經濟學研究委員會(英語:Cowles Commission for Research in Economics),經濟學研究機構,由美國企業家與經濟學家,阿爾弗雷德·考爾斯,於1932年,在科羅拉多州斯普林斯創建。1939年,在Theodore O. Yntema擔任主席時,將所在地遷移至芝加哥大學中。1955年,考爾斯家族再度將它遷移到耶魯大學中,並改名為考爾斯基金會(英語:Cowles Foundation)。 考爾斯基金會的宗旨,在於推動以數學及統計學來進行經濟學研究。
rdfs:label 考爾斯基金會 , مؤسسة كاولز , コウルズ財団 , Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics , Cowles Foundation , Cowlesstiftelsen
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