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La proposition 218 est une initiative popu … La proposition 218 est une initiative populaire d'amendement constitutionnel de l'État de Californie votée le 5 novembre 1996. La proposition 218 a révolutionné les finances publiques locales et régionales de la Californie. Appelé le Droit de vote sur la Loi sur les impôts la proposition 218 a été parrainée par la Howard Jarvis Contribuables Association. Elle est considérée comme une suite constitutionnelle à l'amendement de la taxe sur la propriété de la proposition 13 approuvée par les électeurs de Californie le 6 juin 1978. La proposition de 218 a été rédigée et défendue par les avocats constitutionnels Jonathan Coupal et Jack Cohen. La proposition 218 a modifié la Constitution de Californie par l'ajout de l'Article XIII C et de l'Article XIII D. L'Article XIII C renvoie à l'approbation par les électeurs des impôts décidés par les gouvernements locaux. Cela inclut une disposition essentielle donnant pouvoir aux électeurs de réduire ou d'abroger tout impôt, examens, frais ou charges du gouvernement local. L'Article XIII D a trait à l'évaluation et à la réforme de la taxe de propriété applicables aux collectivités locales. Il implique des exigences pour les évaluations spéciales sur des biens immobiliers, les taxes de propriété et les frais de fournisseurs de service imposées aux gouvernements locaux.service imposées aux gouvernements locaux.
, Proposition 218 is an adopted initiative c … Proposition 218 is an adopted initiative constitutional amendment which revolutionized local and regional government finance and taxation in California. Named the "Right to Vote on Taxes Act," it was sponsored by the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association as a constitutional follow-up to the landmark property tax reduction initiative constitutional amendment, Proposition 13, approved in 1978. Proposition 218 was approved and adopted by California voters during the November 5, 1996, statewide general election. Proposition 218 amended the California Constitution by adding Article XIII C and Article XIII D. Article XIII C added constitutional voter approval requirements for all local government taxes which previously did not exist. Also included in Article XIII C is a provision significantly expanding the constitutional local initiative power by voters to reduce or repeal any local government tax, assessment, fee or charge, and this provision is subject to a significantly reduced signature requirement making ballot qualification easier. Article XIII D added constitutional assessment and property-related fee reforms applicable to all local governments which also previously did not exist. This includes numerous additional requirements for special benefit assessments on real property as well as numerous requirements for property-related fees and charges, such as utility fees imposed by local governments which are no longer allowed to exceed the cost of providing the utility service. The California Senate Office of Research listed Proposition 218 as one of the most significant laws of the 20th century in California. Following the November 1996 election, a high level official from the California State Association of Counties wrote that Proposition 218 "profoundly changes the way California is governed" and "may prove to be the most revolutionary act in the history of California." Proposition 218 was also the first successful initiative constitutional amendment in California history to add more than one article to the California Constitution as well as to alter the scope of the constitutional initiative power. The measure was drafted by constitutional attorneys Jonathan Coupal and Jack Cohen. attorneys Jonathan Coupal and Jack Cohen.
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Silicon Valley Taxpayers' Association, Inc. v. Santa Clara County Open Space Authority
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George, Kennard, Baxter, Werdegar, Moreno, Corrigan
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Constitutional follow-up to 1978 California Proposition 13; Added Article XIII C and Article XIII D to the California Constitution
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| rdfs:comment |
Proposition 218 is an adopted initiative c … Proposition 218 is an adopted initiative constitutional amendment which revolutionized local and regional government finance and taxation in California. Named the "Right to Vote on Taxes Act," it was sponsored by the Howard Jarvis Taxpayers Association as a constitutional follow-up to the landmark property tax reduction initiative constitutional amendment, Proposition 13, approved in 1978. Proposition 218 was approved and adopted by California voters during the November 5, 1996, statewide general election.ember 5, 1996, statewide general election.
, La proposition 218 est une initiative popu … La proposition 218 est une initiative populaire d'amendement constitutionnel de l'État de Californie votée le 5 novembre 1996. La proposition 218 a révolutionné les finances publiques locales et régionales de la Californie. Appelé le Droit de vote sur la Loi sur les impôts la proposition 218 a été parrainée par la Howard Jarvis Contribuables Association. Elle est considérée comme une suite constitutionnelle à l'amendement de la taxe sur la propriété de la proposition 13 approuvée par les électeurs de Californie le 6 juin 1978. La proposition de 218 a été rédigée et défendue par les avocats constitutionnels Jonathan Coupal et Jack Cohen.itutionnels Jonathan Coupal et Jack Cohen.
|
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1996 California Proposition 218
, Proposition 218
|
